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Genetics
vocabulary
16
Science
8th Grade
01/25/2008

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Term
Genetics
Definition

The study of heredity

Term

trait

Definition
a physical characteristic
Term
Heredity
Definition
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
Term
purebred
Definition

The same form of a trait

 

Ex. YY or yy

 

synonym: homozygous

Term
gene
Definition
a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait
Term
allele
Definition
different forms of a gene
Term

dominant allele

Definition
an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
Term

recessive allele

Definition

an allele whose trait is covered when a dominant allele is present

 

the trait only appears when there is no dominant allele present

Term
hybrid
Definition

an organism that has two different alleles for a specific trait

 

Ex.  Yy

 

synonym: heterozygous

Term

probability

Definition
the likelihood of an event occurring
Term
Punnett Square
Definition

a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross

Term
phenotype
Definition
the physical appearance of an organism
Term
genotype
Definition

the genetic makeup or an allele combination

 

Ex. Ss

Term
Homozygous
Definition

two identical alleles

 

Ex.  CC or cc

 

synonym: purebred

Term
heterozygous
Definition

two different alleles

 

Ex. Cc

 

synonym: hybrid

Term
codominance
Definition

combination of alleles in which neither one is recessive or dominant

 

as a result, both alleles are shown

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