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Genetics Vocabulary
n/a
13
Biology
Undergraduate 3
04/28/2011

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Term
Cytogenics
Definition
study of genetics at a cellular level
Term
Classical genetics
Definition
the study of the inheritance of traits through breeding and pedigrees
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
Organisms with cells that contain organelles and a nucleus. Have histones.
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
cells lacking organelles, histones, a nucleus, and can contain plasmids
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
Darkly staining body in the nucleus of eukaryotes where RNA is processed and ribosomes are assembled.
Term
Barr body
Definition
the inactivated DNA of an X chromosome in female mammals. Calico cat example.
Term
Histones
Definition
proteins that the DNA of eukaryotes is wrapped around for organizational and size purposes.
Term
Solenoid
Definition
a string of nucleosomes.
Term
Nucleosomes
Definition
the structure of DNA wrapped around histone proteins.
Term
Chromatin
Definition
DNA when it is loose and not in chromosomes.
Term
Methylation
Definition
methylation of DNA keeps it from being transcribed, and also marks older DNA from newer DNA.
Term
heterochromatin
Definition
densly packed chromatin forming dark staining bands, less likely to be transcribed.
Term
Euchromatin
Definition
DNA in a chromosome that is easily able to be transcribed because it is less densly packed than heterochromatin
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