Term
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Definition
| expressed if only one copy of the allele is present. |
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Term
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Definition
| expressed if only two copies of the allele is present. |
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Term
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Definition
| The genetic makeup (Ss) of an organism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Its physical appearance (ex. black hair). |
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Term
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Definition
| One dominant and one recessive allele in present. |
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Term
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Definition
| two dominant or two recessive alleles are present in an individual (AA,aa). |
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Term
| How many chromosomes do you get from each parent? |
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Definition
| You get 23 from each parent. You get 46 all together. |
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Term
| What are chromosomes made of? |
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Definition
| Each chromosome is made of DNA molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagram or chart that shows the genetic history of a family over generations. |
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Term
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Definition
| We use it to determine inheritance of traits. |
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Term
| What chromosomes represent a female and a male? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the causes of genetic conditions in humans? |
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Definition
| Genetic disorders are caused by a DNA abnormality or mutation in a single gene. The mutation can be present on one or two or both chromosomes. |
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Term
| What was Gregor Mendel known for? |
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Definition
| Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his Monastery's garden. |
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Term
| What is a sex-linked trait? |
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Definition
| traits whose location is on the sex choromosome (either x or y) |
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Term
| Why do boys have more sex-linked traits than girls? |
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Definition
| Females get 2 X chromosomes but males only get 1 X chromosome. Males get only 1 X and will have no second X with a dominant allele to hide the recessive. Females get an X from both parents so they are more likely to get a dominant allele. |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| A disorder that causes red blood cells to become misshapen and break down, so there aren't enough red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| A disorder in which a thick mucous builds up in the lungs and is hard to clear causing damage in the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| A genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing develop mental and intellectual delays. |
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Term
| Why are mothers often carriers of sex linked traits but do not show the trait? |
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Definition
| Mothers (females) get a dominant X gene from the father which hides the recessive X gene from the mother. Boys get only 1 X from the mother and no other X from the father with a dominant gene to hide the trait. |
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Term
| What does it mean when a person is a carrier of a trait? What is their genotype? |
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Definition
| A person who has a recessive gene or mutation but does not have the disease or trait. Their genotype will be heterozygous for ex. Bb. |
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Term
| Why does sexual reproduction produce greater variations in offspring than asexual reproduction? |
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Definition
| In sexual reproduction, the sperm and egg from 2 parents contain different combinations of genes. In asexual reproduction, only one parent produces offspring. |
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Term
| What is incomplete dominance? |
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Definition
| When one allele does not dominate the other, and they BLEND together. It would be heterozygous for ex. Rr. |
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Term
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Definition
| When both genes are expressed at the same time. ex. RR x WW = RW This is heterozygous. |
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Term
| What is complete dominance? |
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Definition
| When the dominant allele covers up the recessive allele completely so the recessive trait doesn't show at all. This is heterozygous or Rr. |
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