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father of modern genetics
provided basis for study of heredity
breeded pea plants |
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| passing of traits from parent to offspring |
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traits expressed two ways
can be deliberately crossed |
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hides other gene
shows up in phenotype |
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hidden by dominant
only shows up in phenotype if two recessive alleles |
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| each individual carries __ alleles of each gene |
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| physical appearance of an individual |
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| genetic make up of an individual |
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| crossing of only one trait |
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p-3 tall : 1 short
g-1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt |
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cross to find genotype of genotypically unknown individual
always between something and homozygous recessive |
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neither allele is dominant
heterozygous becomes different colour
always lower case |
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both alleles may be dominant
two colours show up
both letters capitalized |
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used to test for dominant and recessive genes in two separate characteristics
between identically heterozygous individuals |
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| phenotypic result of TtBb x TtBb |
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american geneticist
studied inheritance in fruit flies
discovered X-linked traits |
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| characteristics of sex linked traits 3 |
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phenotype more in males
males transmit to daughters but not sons
daughters will mostly only be heterozygous |
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| who is affected by sex-linked traits? |
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| heterozygous males and homozygous females |
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| genes are located on X chromosome |
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| diagram that shows transmission of a trait roman numerals mark line of generations arabic numbers for individuals |
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| sex-linked dominant traits 5 |
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phenotype almost every generation
unaffected parents = unaffected kids
males and females affected equally
at least one parent with it
affected individuals can have unaffected kids |
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| sex-linked recessive traits 3 |
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unaffected parents can have affected kids
two affected individuals often produce affected kid
male and female equal amount of time |
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| three or more alleles that code for a trait |
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| blood type alleles and dominance |
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| AB has _________ antibodies; is _________ |
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| O has _______ surface markers; is __________ |
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