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Genetics - Chapter 5 - 5B-1
Genetics - The Continuity of Life Part I - 5B-1
19
Biology
9th Grade
11/17/2010

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Term
Mendelian genetics
Definition
Conclusions regarding heredity written by Gregor Mendel based on his experience in breeding pea plants.
Term
self-pollination
Definition
Process of fertilization of a flower with the pollen of the same flower.
Term
cross-pollinate
Definition
To fertilize a flower with the pollen from another flower.
Term
first filial generation
Definition
one of mendels experiment's involved cross polinating a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. the offspring of this cross is this.
Term
second filial generation
Definition
Mendel allowed the f1 plants to self pollinate and produce this.
Term
dominant trait
Definition
The characteristic that is expressed even in the presence of the recessive genes.
Term
recessive trait
Definition
The characteristic that is expressed only in the homozygous recessive condition.
Term
phenotype
Definition
The physical expression of an organism's gene.
Term
locus
Definition
The specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
Term
allele
Definition
One of a pair of genes that have the same position on homolgous chromosomes.
Term
genotype
Definition
The genetic makeup of an individual organism.
Term
homozygous
Definition
Condition in which both alleles in one organism are the same.
Term
heterozygous
Definition
Having 2 different alleles at the same position (locus) on homologous chromosomes.
Term
monohybrid cross
Definition
A genetic cross that deals with only 1 set of characteristics.
Term
Punnett square
Definition
A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses.
Term
test cross
Definition
The mating of an organism that possesses a dominant phenotype but unknown genotype with an organism that possesses a recessive phenotype to determine the genotype of the dominant individual.
Term
fruit fly
Definition
Tiny fly often found around fruit. Ideal for genetic investigations.
Term
gene linkage
Definition
Genes arranged in a definte order on a chromosome.
Term
pedigree
Definition
A diagram to show the characteristics of several generations of organisms.
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