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| that parent dsDNA strand separate, is and a complementary strand is synthesized for each, so that sibling strands have one old and one new strand. |
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1) semi-conservative
2) bi-directional
3) semi-discontinuous- because one strand is continuous and the other is not |
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| exonuclease (proofreading) |
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| allows the incorrect base pair to be excised. |
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| a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA replication |
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| enzymes that catalyze replication can only add new nucleotides to an existing strand of DNA. The polymerase starts replication at the 3'-end of the primer, and copies the opposite strand. |
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| an enzyme required to unwind DNA from a double-strand structure to a single-strand structure to facilitate replication of each strand consistent with the semiconservative model of DNA replication. |
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1) it synthesizes a single RNA primer at the 5' end of the leading end.
2) catalyzes the synthesis of a short RNA segment (called a primer) complementary to a ssDNA template for the Okazaki fragments made during discontinuous DNA replication.Primase is of key importance in DNA replication because no known DNA polymerases can initiate the synthesis of a DNA strand without an initial RNA or DNA primer (for temporary DNA elongation). |
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| 1) catalyze formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 5' phosphate of one strand of DNA and the 3' hydroxyl of the another. This enzyme is used to covalently link or ligate fragments of DNA together. Most commonly, the reaction involves ligating a fragment of DNA into a plasmid vector, which is a fundamental technique in recombinant DNA work. |
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| initiation point or the origin of replication. |
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| The DNA-replicating structure at the replication fork consisting of two DNA polymerase III enzymes and a primosome (primase and DNA helicase). |
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region of repetitive at the end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration.
Telomeres are crucial to the life of the cell. They keep the ends of the various chromosomes in the cell from accidentally becoming attached to each other |
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* is a ribonucleoprotein.
* Its single snoRNA molecule-Provides an AAUCCC (in mammals) template to guide the insertion of TTAGGG.
* Thus telomerase is a reverse transcriptase; synthesizing DNA from an RNA template. |
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