Term
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Definition
| An organism has recieved genetic material from a different species. |
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Term
| Is biotechnology a new science? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The use of organisms or their products to benefit humans |
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Term
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Definition
| More precise way to manipulate the DNA of an organism |
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Term
| Genetically Modified organism (GMO) |
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Definition
Any organism whose genetic material has been changed.
(major disagreement: how the material was changed) |
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Term
| Four ways microorganisms are used in biotechnology |
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Definition
Medical agents
Fermentation for food production
Biological control agents
Bioremediation |
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Term
| What is the first genetically modified drug? |
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Definition
Insulin.
It is transgenic:
Human insulin gene cloned into E.Coli bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease pollutants in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| break down of something by an organism |
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Term
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Definition
New genes can be added to an organism's genome
Ex. Glofish-transgenic- have genetic material from a jelly fish. only 1 gene was inserted. |
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Term
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Definition
| A new gene will replace the normal gene of an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| original gene was knocked out and replaced by a new one |
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Term
| What cells can have a gene knockout and what is the purpose? |
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Definition
Somatic and Germ-line cells can have them.
Useful in identifying human genetic disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using organisms to produce medically important compounds. |
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Term
| What was the first sucessfully cloned animal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells can: divide at will (reproduce on own- self renewal) and differentiate into one or more specialized cells? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
eventually gives rise to all body systems-
fertilized egg |
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Term
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Definition
Can become almost any cell type-
embryonic stem cell |
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Term
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Definition
not just one type of blood cell in the body-
blood stem cells
further differentiation has to occur to decide what type of blood cell it will be in what part of the body |
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Term
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Definition
made the choice to be one type of cell-
skin and sex cells |
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Term
| differences between adult stem cell and embryonic stem cell |
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Definition
Adult- do not have ability to differentiate. can reproduce but still have specialized job still.
Embryonic- pluripotent- many more options because they haven't made the choice of what cell to be yet |
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Term
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Definition
| methods that produce two or more genetically identical individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| introduction of cloned genes into living cells to treat disease |
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