Term
|
Definition
| a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of heredity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scientists that study heredity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the parental generation, the first cross |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first filial “son” generation, the direct offspring of the P generation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| second filial “son” generation, the offspring of the F1 generation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pollen from one flower lands on the pistil of a flower from a different plant, allowing for genetic variation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pollen from one flower lands on the pistil of the same flower |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the different forms of a gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an allele whose trait is masked when a dominant allele is present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combinations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having two identical alleles for a particular trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism has two dominant alleles for a trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism has two recessive alleles for a trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having two different alleles for a particular trait; a hybrid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive, both traits are expressed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process that occurs in sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the production of proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome and adds it to the growing protein chain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a change in a gene or chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a single base pair is substituted for another, often during DNA replication; may or may not result in a visible mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis resulting in a sex cell with too many or too few chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Austrian priest who became known as “the Father of Genetics” because of his study and observations of pea plants in the mid-19th century |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American geneticist who discovered what came to be known as the Chromosome Theory of Inheritance |
|
|
Term
| Chromosome Theory of Inheritance |
|
Definition
| genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes |
|
|
