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Definition
| a branch of genetics that studies the effects of, measurement of, relationships among and the rate of change in genetic traits that are quantitative |
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| a measurement of performance for traits in an individual |
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the average phenotypic value that is expressed in all individuals in a population. |
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the effect of an individual’s genes will have on its performance for a certain trait. |
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| the effect that the environment have on the animal performance |
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any measure that is applied to an individual that is viewed within a population. |
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| the value of an individual as a parent |
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the effect of a gene independent of the effect of another gene at the same locus or at a different loci. |
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the part of an individual’s Genotypic value that is due to independent, transmittable gene effects. |
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an estimation or prediction of a breeding value. |
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| the half an individual breeding value, the expected difference between the mean performance of the individual’s progeny and the mean of the performance of all progeny |
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| expected progeny difference (EPD) |
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Definition
| is the prediction of a progeny difference |
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| Genetic combination effect |
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Definition
| effect of a combination of genes |
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Definition
| the part of an individual’s genotypic value that is attributed to the effects of gene combinations and that cannot be transmitted from parent to offspring. |
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| a trait for which individuals have more than one performance record |
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Definition
| the performance potential of an individual for a repeated trait. |
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| Permanent environmental effect |
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Definition
| the environment effect that can permanently influences an individual’s performance for a repeated trait |
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Temporary environment effect
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Definition
| a environment effect that affects a single performance but it is not permanently affected the individual’s performance potential |
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| Most probable Producing ability (MPPA |
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Definition
| a prediction of a producing ability |
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Definition
| a point at which a threshold trait will exhibit a certain trait above that point and another trait below that point. |
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any measure that is applied to a population instead of an individual. |
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| a true population measure |
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| an estimate of a population parameter |
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Definition
the statistical distribution that appears graphically as a symmetric, bell shaped curve. |
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Definition
| an arithmetic average of a population |
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| the differences among individuals within a population |
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| a mathematical measurement of variation |
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Definition
| a mathematical measurement of variation that can be thought of as the average deviation from the mean |
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| any quantity that can take on different numerical values |
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| measure of how two traits or values vary together in a population |
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| the basic mathematical measure of covariation |
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Definition
| a measure of strength of the relationship between two variables |
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Definition
| a measure of the strength of the relationship between performance in one trait and performance in another trait |
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Definition
| a measure of strength of the relationship between breeding values for one trait and breeding values for another trait |
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| Environmental correlation |
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Definition
| a measure of the strength of the relationship between environmental effects on one trait and the environmental effects on another trait. |
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Definition
| expected or average change in one variable per unit change in another |
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Definition
| unknown, underlying attribute that will affect the animal performance |
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Definition
| a prediction of a true value |
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Definition
a mathematical equation used to calculate a predicted value based on phenotypic date. |
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Definition
the measure of the strength of the relationship between performance and breeding values. |
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| Heritability in the broad sense |
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Definition
| a measure of the strength of the relationship between performance and the genotypic values for a certain trait in the population |
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Definition
a measure of the strength of the relationship between repeated records for a certain trait. |
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Definition
a group of animals that have experienced a similar environment to the expression of a trait. |
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| Contemporary group effect |
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Definition
an environmental effect common to all members of a contemporary group. |
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Definition
| an expression of relative performance which is the ratio of an individual’s performance to the average performance of all animals in the individual’s contemporary group. |
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| the equation relating the rate of genetic change resulting from selection to four factors: accuracy of selection, selection intensity, genetic variation and generation interval |
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Definition
| a measure of the strength of the relationship between true breeding values and their predictions for a trait under selection |
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Definition
the variability of breeding values within a population for a trait under selection |
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Definition
| the amount of time required to replace one generation with the next |
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Definition
the rate of change in the mean breeding value of a population caused by selection |
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Definition
| an EBV, EPD, phenotypic value or other piece of information forming the basis for selection decisions |
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Definition
| the difference between the mean selection criterion of individuals selected to be parents and the average selection criterion of all potential parents |
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Definition
| the difference between the mean selection criterion of those individuals selected to be parents and the average selection of all potential parents. |
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Definition
| selection that is on the basis of a distinct division in the selection above which individuals are kept and below which they are rejected |
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Definition
| the number of individuals chosen to be parents as a proportion of the number of potential parents |
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Definition
| a proportion that, when substituted for actual proportion saved reflects correct selection intensity |
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Definition
| a population that is closed to genetic material from the outside. |
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Definition
the change in the mean breeding value of a population over time. |
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Term
| Phenotypic selection differential |
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Definition
| the difference between the mean performance of those individuals selected to be parent s and the average performance of all potential parents. |
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Definition
| a test used to help predict an individual’s breeding values involving multiple matings of that individual and evaluation of its offspring. |
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Definition
the rate at which new individuals are selected to replace existing parents in a population. |
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a risk that the true breeding values of replacements will be significantly poorer than expected. |
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