Term
| Citation: Simmons, D. (2008) Genetic inequality: Human genetic engineering. Nature Education 1(1) |
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Term
| "Genes influence health and disease, as well as human traits and behavior. Researchers are just beginning to use genetic technology to unravel the genomic contributions to these different phenotypes, and as they do so, they are also discovering a variety of other potential applications for this technology. For instance, ongoing advances make it increasingly likely that scientists will someday be able to genetically engineer humans to possess certain desired traits. Of course, the possibility of human genetic engineering raises numerous ethical and legal questions" |
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Definition
1
Simmons
Genetic Inequality
paragraph 1
Reasons why for genetic engineering. |
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Term
| "Much of what we currently know about the ramifications of genetic self-knowledge comes from testing for diseases. Once disease genes were identified, it became much easier to make a molecular or cytogenetic diagnosis for many genetic conditions" |
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Definition
1
Simmons
Genetic Inequality
paragraph 2
Disease is the main reason for Doctors to perform genetic engineering. |
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Term
| "This sort of testing is a particularly attractive choice for individuals who are at risk for diseases that have available preventative measures or treatments, as well as people who might carry genes that have significant reproductive recurrence risks. Indeed, thanks to advances in single-cell diagnostics and fertilization technology, embryos can now be created in vitro; then, only those embryos that are not affected by a specific genetic illness can be selected and implanted in a woman's uterus." |
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Definition
1
Simmons
Genetic Inequality
Paragraph 4
Dangers of testing |
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Term
| "For adult-onset conditions, ethical concerns have been raised regarding whether genetic testing should be performed if there is no cure for the disease in question. Many people wonder whether positive diagnosis of an impending untreatable disease will harm the at-risk individual by creating undue stress and anxiety." |
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Definition
1
Simmons
Genetic Inequality
Affects on humanity |
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Term
| "Currently, available tests include those for eye color, handedness, addictive behavior, "nutritional" background, and athleticism. But does knowing whether one has the genetic background for these nondisease traits negatively affect one's self-concept or health perception? Studies are now beginning to address this question. For example, one group of scientists performed genetic testing for muscle traits on a group of volunteers enrolled in a resistance-training program." |
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Definition
1
Simmons
Genetic Inequality
Tests available for families to choose |
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Term
| Pollack, Andrew. "MOved to MArket- Gene Altered Pigs in Canada is Halted." Diss. New York Times, 2012. Print. . |
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Term
| "A Canadian project aimed at creating a genetically engineered pig whose manure would be less harmful to the environment is being halted after failure to find a company willing to bring the animal to market, according to the lead researcher." |
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Definition
2
Andrew Pollack
Gene Altered Pigs
Changing pigs to make superior pigs |
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Term
| "The less polluting pig, called the “enviropig,” has a gene that allows it to better digest phosphorous in its food, therefore reducing the amount of phosphorous in the manure." |
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Definition
2
Andrew Pollack
Gene Altered Pigs
Enviorpigs taking over "normal" pigs |
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Term
"When the first such pig was created in 1999, “I had the feeling in seven or eight or nine years that transgenic animals probably would be acceptable. But I was wrong,” Dr. Forsberg said.
“It’s time to stop the program until the rest of the world catches up,” he said. “And it is going to catch up.'" |
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Definition
2
Andrew Pollack
Gene Altered Pigs
Covo of Doctors and opinions on the pigs |
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Term
"No genetically engineered animals have been approved for use in the food supply. But many consumers say in opinion polls that they would be wary of eating them.
The genetically altered pig was created using genetic material from a mouse and an E. coli bacterium to reduce phosphorus in the pig’s feces. The University of Guelph began the research in 1995 and sought food safety approval from regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States a few years ago." |
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Definition
2
Andrew Pollack
Gene Altered Pigs
Last paragraph
Genetically altered pigs dangerous? |
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Term
| "Farmers now can give pigs a supplement in their feed to help them digest phosphorus. Dr. Forsberg said that supplement had become less expensive, meaning there was less financial incentive for farmers to accept the transgenic animals." |
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Definition
2
Gene Altered Pigs
Last paragraph
Affects on surroundings... |
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Term
| CItation:Glick, Bernard R. & Jack J. Pasternak; "Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA" (1998). |
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| However, there are significant, valuable, yet intangible genetic engineering pros that growers also consistently associate with biotech crops that often aren’t captured in this type of research — such as more time with family, peace of mind and improved health or well-being. |
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Definition
3
conversations about plant biotechnology
how to advance your crops to with stand pesticides |
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Term
| Since Mendel's experiments on heredity and the identification of the DNA as the genetic material, we started to know how and why we are like we are, we started to understand what makes human beings human. The DNA contains genes, passed to us in roughly equal proportions from our parents, that are like the instructions of a computer program running within us, inside each and every cell that makes up our body. |
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Definition
4
Defining our childrens traits
how to change your child "safetly" |
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Term
| The greatest applications of genetics, however, are in medicine. Recent advances in genome sequencing, bioinformatics and genomics are driving sequencing costs down to the point that sequencing the genome of everyone will soon be cost-effective. This will increase our knowledge of life and of the genetics of disease even further. Knowing which gene, which piece of the genetic code is responsible -- or at least a risk factor -- for a given disease allows physicians to diagnose a variety of diseases and tailor treatments to each patient in the emerging area of personalized medicine. |
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Definition
4
Defining you childs Traits
Engineering medicine to fight diseases |
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Term
| Perfection is something that doesn't exist in nature. You and me are no different. We suffer from painful and horrible diseases, we can die for the most trivial causes, we will inevitably die of aging, etc. Yet we can, at least in theory, change all that. We can change the tyranny of the genes and become better than we are now |
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Definition
4
Defining you Childs traits
3rd paragraph
Families try this why? |
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Term
2012 Mental Floss Inc. All Rights Reserved. Mental Floss is a registered trademark owned by Felix Dennis. mentalfloss.com is a trademark owned by Felix Dennis.
Read the full text here: http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/4527#ixzz1tovfJuv2 |
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cut out the gene that might give your kid diabetes or schizophrenia, methyl groups might also turn off “good” genes, like ones that inhibit tumor growth. Right now, nobody really has a good enough idea of how methyl groups work to know how to target in on specific “bad” genes without impacting good ones
Read the full text here: http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/4527#ixzz1tow1MIX7
--brought to you by mental_floss! |
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Definition
5
Mental floss
2nd paragraph
explaining the processes |
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Term
Just because you’ve exited the womb doesn’t mean your mother stops having power over your DNA expression. Research done by neurobiologists at Columbia University and Canada’s McGill University has shown that maternal behavior after birth can also lead to a child’s genes being turned on and off—in this case, genes that will eventually determine how that child parents their own offspring. According to a May 2006 Discover magazine article, neurobiologists studied two groups of rats, those that spent a lot of time grooming and licking their babies and those that didn’t. It turned out that, if a female baby rat didn’t get licked enough then her body turned off a series of genes that should have produced certain “mothering” and “love” hormones, like estrogen and oxytocin
Read the full text here: http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/4527#ixzz1towORRxc
--brought to you by mental_floss! |
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Definition
5
Mental Floss
Last paragraph
mothers love, how that can effect a change |
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