Term
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Definition
| the property of water that allows it to form chemical attractions with other substances and makes it useful solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| the binding of a regulatory molecule to a protein at a site other than the site where protein funtioning is actually affected |
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Definition
| comprised of a central carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a carboxylic group, and an R group |
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Definition
| The functional group that creates an amine when attached to a hydrocarbon. (-NH2) |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with repeating parallel folds of a polypeptide chain maintained by hydrogen bonds. |
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Definition
| the functional group that createds a carbocylic acid when bonded to a hydrocarbon (-COOH) |
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Definition
| The property of water that allows it to hydrogen bond with other water molecules and to be chemically "sticky" |
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Definition
| a bond formed as two atoms' outermost shells overlap and valence electrons are shared between the two atoms (equally shared-->nonpolar; unequally shared-->polar) |
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Definition
| one type of interaction between amino-acid side chains responsible for the tertiary structure of a protein |
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Definition
| the affinity of an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond |
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Definition
| the specialized type of covalent bond created as a condensation reaction joins together adjacent monosaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
| the spherical arrangement of water molecules that forms around each ion as an ionic compound is dossolved in water |
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Definition
| the functional group that creates an alcohol when bonded to hydrocarbon (-OH) |
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Term
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Definition
| a bond that forms between oppositely charged ions |
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Term
| van der Waals interactions |
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Definition
| any weak intermolecular interaction due to fluctuating changes in charge distribution throughout the molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| the third level of protein folding associated with a specific three-dimensional globular shape (maintained by hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions) |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the level of difficulty involved in breaking the surface of a liquid |
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Definition
| the functional group that creates a thiol when attached to a hydrocarbon (-SH) |
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Term
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Definition
| the form of lipid that is characterized by four fused carbon rings with different functional groups |
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Definition
| the fourth level of protein folding associated with a complex interaction of two or more tertiary polypeptides |
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Definition
| the second level of protein structure influenced by interactions between the different R groups (side chains) |
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Term
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Definition
| the more complex form of organic molecules created when monomer building blocks covalently bond |
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Term
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Definition
| the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to another molecule, increasing the energy of the recipient |
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Term
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Definition
| the functional group that createds an organic phosphate when bonded to a hydrocarbon (-PO4^3) |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum of all the chemical reactions occurring within a cell or organism |
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Definition
| forms of the same atom that possess different numbers of neutrons and, thus, different atomic masses |
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Term
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Definition
| different organic compounds possessing the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms and, thus, different functions |
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