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the relatively unique and stable pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterizes the way an individual adapts to the environment.
Which contains archetypes. |
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| broad enduring personality characteristics that tend to lead to certain cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. |
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| the observable qualities of a person's personality |
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| traits that make-up our most basic personality structure; the source of our surface traits |
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Definition
1. Openness- imagination, curiosity, openmindness and indpendence.
2. Conscientiousness-disipline, organization, carefulness
3. Extroversion-sociable, fun-loving, affectionate
4.Agreeableness-compassionate, trusting, and coorporative
5.Neuroticism-emotionally unsable, inscure, anxious |
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| Believes traits do not predict behavior across different situations. Personality is dependent on the situation. |
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| States that understanding and predicting the behavior of an imaginary requires full history of that person's life; not just 5 traits. |
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| thoughts, feelings, sensations, and memories that we are aware of. |
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| Thoughts, memories, feelings we are unaware of. Contains repressed memories and basic instincts that are never allowed into consciousness |
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Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
THE ID |
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Definition
The id
- Completly unconscious
- works according to the pleasure principle
- consists of our basic instincts for sex, survival, aggression
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Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
THE EGO |
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Definition
- mostly conscious
- tries to satisfy the id
- works according to the reality principle
- freudian slip
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Freud'S Psychcoanalytic Theory
THE SUPER-EGO |
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Definition
- conscious and unconscious
- moral system of our personality
- serves as negotiator amongst the id and ego
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Term
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Definition
| the ego's methods of reducing anxiety and maintaining self-esteem by distorting reality. |
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Term
| Defense Mechanism- Repression |
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Definition
| Involuntary removal of an unpleasant memory |
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| Defense Mechanism- Projection |
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Definition
| attributing one's ow undesirable thoughts, impulse, traits to others. |
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Definition
| Refusal to acknowledge the existence of danger/threatening condition |
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| Defense Mechanism- Rationalization |
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Definition
| Unconsciously supplying a rational reason for an action/event rather than the real reason. |
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| Defense Mechanism-Regression |
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Definition
| Reverting to a behavior that is characteristic of an earlier stage in life. |
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| Defense Mechanism-Reaction Formation |
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Definition
| expression of exaggerated ideas, and emotions that are the opposite of one's disturbing unconscious desires. |
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| Defense Mechanism-Displacement |
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Definition
| Substituting a less threatening object for the original object of an impulse. |
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| Defense Mechanism-Sublimation |
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| Re-channeling the libido into pursuits society considers acceptable, sometimes admirable. |
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| A part of the body that provides pleasure |
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| a portion of the person's libidio remains invested in resolving the conflict at a particular age. |
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Psychosexual Stages of Deveolpment
Oral Stage
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Definition
birth - 12/18 months
pleasure is derived through stimulation of mouth
oral fixation-an excessive peroccupation with oral activities later in life (eating, smoking)
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Psychosexual Stages of Development
Anal Stage |
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Definition
18 Months-3 Years
Pleasure derived from expelling and holding feces
Expulsive Personality-Person is sloppy, obnoxious, irresponsible, aggressive
Anal Retentive Personality-person is excessively neat, orderly, stingy, and rigid |
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Psychosexual Stages of Deveilpment
Phallic Stage
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3 years- 5/6 years
Pleasure derived through touching one's genitals
Oedipus Complex- boy's sexual desire for their mother and hostility for their father
Elektra Complex- a girls sexual desire for their father and hostility towards their mother
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Term
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Definition
| when girls wish they have a penis after they disover the don't have one |
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| intense fear that the father is going to retaliate and cut off the boy's penis |
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Psychosexual Stages of Development
Latency Period
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Definition
5/6 years-Puberty
Sex instint is temporarily repressed and sublimated into accepted activities |
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Psychosexual Stages of Develpment
Genital Stage
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Definition
Puberty-Adulthood
Pleasure derived from another person outside the family
Fixation-unable to establish a mature sexual relationship with another person |
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| Major Criticisms of Freud's Theory |
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Definition
-Personality is not almost fully formed at 6.
-Stages of development overemphasize sex.
-View of development is male biased and sexist.
-Not testable. |
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| Lasting Impact Of Freud's Theory |
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Definition
-the idea that early life plays an important role in the personality development
-support the use of defense mechanisms to protect and enhance self-esteem |
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| -Collective unconscious-deepest part of the unconscious inherited by all humans. |
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| ideas and symbolic images shared by all humans that provide meaning and predispose us to respond in similar ways. |
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| Alfred Adler's individual psychology |
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Definition
striving for superiority is the main motivator, not pleasure.
-learn to compensate for our inferiority by developing abilities. |
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Term
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Definition
| a persistent feeling of inadequacy stemming from early childhood or unattainable unconscious goals. may lead to overcompensation |
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