Term
| Organisms that require oxygen to live are called ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| While at sea level, our atmosphere is approximately ___% O2. |
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Definition
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Term
| Some organisms can grow as low as 1% oxygen. These organisms are ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Some bacteria, such as E. coli, can perform aerobic respiration or fermentation. These bacteria are are called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Some bacteria, such as Clostridium, do not require oxygen for metabolism and have no aerobic pathways. These bacteria are called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Some obligate anaerobes can survive when exposed to oxygen. These anaerobes are called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The media we use to test oxygen requirements of bacteria is called ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| GST, glucose shake tubse, are composed of ___g glucose, ___g tryptone, ___g agar, ___g, yeast extract, and ___mg methylene blue, per liter. |
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Definition
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Term
| The methylene blue dye is colored _____ when oxygen is present, but is reduced to a _____ in anaerobic conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
| The growth pattern that will appear in aerobes GST is _____. |
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Definition
| a layer on the top of the medium |
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Term
| The growth pattern that will appear in microaerobes (microaerophiles)GST is _____. |
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Definition
| a light layer on the top that is spread to the lower regions of the medium |
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Term
| The growth pattern that will appear in facultative anaerobes GST is _____. |
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Definition
| heavily dispersed throughout the medium |
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Term
| The growth pattern that will appear in aerotolerant anaerobes GST is _____. |
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Definition
| sparsely dispersed throughout the medium |
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Term
| The growth pattern that will appear in obligate anaerobes GST is _____. |
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Definition
| gathered at the bottom of the media |
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Term
| List the steps of the procedure to test the oxygen requirements of bacteria. |
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Definition
1. Autoclave GST in tubes.
2. Cool molten agar to 50 degrees celcius in a water bath and inoculate each tube with a prepared overnight culture of organisms.
3. Roll the tubes in your hands to evenly disperse the cells. Then, quickly cool and solidify the media by placing in an ice-water bath.
4. Incubate tubes, and observe growth patterns at 24 and 48 hours. |
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Term
| What does autoclaving the GST do? |
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Definition
| Sterilizes and drives oxygen out of the media with heat. |
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Term
| Why do we not want to shake the tubes, despite the name of the method? |
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Definition
| It introduces air bubbles into the media. |
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Term
| To remain alive, to grow and to divide (reproduce), a microbe must carry out _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The chemical activity of life is called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The two essential processes of metabolism are _____ and _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important role of catabolism is to _____. |
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Definition
| provide energy needed to drive the biosynthetic (anabolic) reactions required to construct new cells |
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Term
| All bacteria have the same enzymes. True or false? |
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Definition
| False. Some bacteria have certain enzymes while others do not. |
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Term
| What medium is useful for determining the ability of an organism to metabolize a particular carbohydrate? |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ (glucose, sucrose, lactose) is/are a monosaccharide. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ (Glucose, sucrose, lactose) is/are disaccharides. |
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Definition
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Term
| Phenol-red is _____ at pH 7, but changes to _____ below pH 6. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzymes capable of hydrolyzing starch are commonly called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| A glucose polymer storage compound made in plants is _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The utilization of a protein by a microbe depends on its ability to produce one or more proteolytic enzymes called ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ degrade proteins into peptides and free amino acids, which can be transported into the bacteria. |
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Definition
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Term
| In gelatin hydrolysis, nutrient gelatin, a medium rich in the protein _____, is used. |
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Definition
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Term
| To test nitrogen metabolism, _____ production is tested. |
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Definition
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