Term
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Definition
| The number of individuals of a given species in the community (Density =the number of individuals per unit area= n) |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical structure and growth form of dominant organisms, usually the plant community, (eg. Forests= Trees) |
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Term
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Definition
| Proportion of a given species in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| The Total number of Different Species in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| The Total number of Different Species in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| Relative Adbundance and Species Richness are combined into a single parameter (Shannon-Weaver Index- H') |
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Term
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Definition
| Relative Abundance + Relative Coverage +Relative Frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| Habitat that never previously supported a biological community |
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Term
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Definition
| Habitats that have been disturbed, but which previously supported a biological community |
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Term
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Definition
| Habitats that have been disturbed, but which previously supported a biological community |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities often ameliorate (to make better or more tolerable) the environments, making it possible for later successional species to survive |
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Term
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Definition
| Changes (autogenic succesion) caused by the activities of the community |
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Term
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Definition
| Progressive destruction of dung or leaf litter lading to the demise of the original colonizing species, |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities of some species appear to inhibit the colonization of other species (e.g. grass broomsedge inhibits the germination and growth of species that might replace it) |
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Term
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Definition
| Deterministic sucession modesl propose that there is one final climax community for a given prevailing environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Models recognizing the potential unpredictability of succession |
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Term
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Definition
1. Colonization of an open habitat
2. Site modication. Sol stabilized and improved
3. Continuing Colonization by new species
4. Competition between earlier and later colonizers
5. Community Changes . Earlier colonizers lose to later -colonizing species that are better competitors
6. Further colonizations and further community change
7. Further Site Modification
8. Climax community when there are no longer major changes in community. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dry dunes in Michigan and Indiana |
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Term
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Definition
| Forest dominated be beech and sugar maple |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The end point of succession is the climatic climax, no matter what the starting point ends in a mesic community |
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Term
| Predicted Trends during Succession |
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Definition
1. Reproductive strategies tent to be r-selected early in succession and K-selected later in succession (Competition-Colonization Trade Off)
2. Species Richness/Diversity Increases with Sucession |
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Term
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Definition
| Within community diversity |
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Term
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Definition
| Within a community, species replace other becasue of microclimatic or topographic differences |
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Term
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Definition
| Ecologists develop diversity indices with species richness, evenness or equitability |
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Term
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Definition
| Higher mortaility and lower fertility in very smaill populations |
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Term
Sources of stochasity in small populations
"Demographic processes" |
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Definition
1. Mortalilty rate(new born, juveniles, adults)
2. Reproduction rate
3. Sex ratio |
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Term
Sources of stochasticity in small populations
"Genetic Processes" |
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Definition
1. Inbreeding Depression
2. Genetic Drift and loss of genetic diversity
3. Mnonpolization by a small number of males in polgynous mating systems |
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Term
| Main issues for Wildlife preserves |
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Definition
1. Size
2. Shape
3. Connectivity |
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Term
Population Ecology
General Laws or Principles |
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Definition
1. Populations tend to grow exponentially
2. Principle of self-limitation (Papoulation growth cannot go on forever there is an upper bound beyond which the population cannot increase)
3. Consumer -resource interations tend to produce oscillations |
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Term
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Definition
| A biological interaction between two or more individuals for a resouce in short supply |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance or factor that leads to an increase in fitness as its availability in the environment is increased which is consumed by organisms |
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