Term
| Normal Intraocular Pressure |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal Intracranial Pressure (ICP) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) |
|
Definition
| CPP = MAP - ICP = 70-100 mmHg |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Olfactory-I-sensory-smell
Ocular-II-sensory-sight
Oculomotor-III-motor-eye movement
Trochlear-IV-motor-oblique eye movement
Trigeminal-V-sensorimotor-face & chew
Abducens-VI-motor-horiz. eye movement
Facial-VII-sensorimotor
Acoustic-VIII-sensory-hearing
Glossal-IX-sensorimotor-gag
Vagus-X-sensorimotor-swallow, talk
Accessory-XI-motor-accessory muscles
Hypoglossal-XII-motor-tongue movement |
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|
Term
| Parkinson disease is a degnerative disorder of ______ _______ function |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Parkinson disease is characterized by progressive destruction of the ________ pathway |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The primary brain abnormality found in all persons with Parkinson disease is degeneration of the nigrostriatal __________ neurons |
|
Definition
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Term
| The cause of Parkinson disease is still __________, but it is widely believed that most cases are caused by an interaction of __________ and _________ factors |
|
Definition
| unknown; environmental; genetic |
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|
Term
| The cardinal manifestations of Parkinson disease are: |
|
Definition
tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia
TRouBle |
|
|
Term
| Manifestations of advanced-stage parkinsonism include: |
|
Definition
falls, fluctuations in motor function, neuropsychiatric disorders, and sleep disorders
FaMiNeS |
|
|
Term
| The approach to treatment of Parkinson disease must be highly... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Treatment includes ___________, _____________ and when indicated ___________ ___________ |
|
Definition
| non-pharmacologic; pharmacologic; surgical methods |
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|
Term
| Common Causes of Conductive Hearing Loss |
|
Definition
External Ear Conditions (impacted body, otitis externa)
Middle Ear Conditions (trauma, otitis media/otosclerosis, tumors) |
|
|
Term
| Common Environmental Causes of Sensorineural Hearing Loss |
|
Definition
Trauma (head injury, noise)
Vascular (atherosclerosis)
Ototoxic drugs |
|
|
Term
| Common Domestic Causes of Sensorineural Hearing Loss |
|
Definition
Tumors/Degenerative Conditions
CNS Infections
Meniere Disease |
|
|
Term
| Normal Aqueous Humor Flow |
|
Definition
Ciliary process--> posterior chamber--> anterior chamber--> canal of Schlemm--> trabecular network
"C-PAST the problem" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| light is out of focus wrt the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fast uncontrollable eye movements in the same directions (vertical, horizontal, rotary) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high pitched sound in ears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| feeling of being off balance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dura mater: "tough mother," outer most, most dense
arachnoid meninge: membrane beneath dura mater, encloses the subarachnoid space (CSF)
pia mater: soft membrane, contains brain |
|
|
Term
| Fast Assessment for Strokes |
|
Definition
Face: unilateral paralysis
Arm: raises one higher than the other when intending to raise them both the same height
Speech: slurred, incoherent
Time: to call 911/a code |
|
|
Term
From where are the following hormones released?
GnRH
FSH
LH |
|
Definition
G: Hypothalamus
F&L: Anterior Pituitary Gland |
|
|
Term
From where are the following hormones released?
inhibin
testosterone/estrogen
progestin |
|
Definition
I: Sertoli Cells
T: Leydig/E: Theca Interna (follicle)
P: Corpus Luteum |
|
|
Term
| Function of Sertoli Cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| optic disc swelling caused by increased ICP |
|
|
Term
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)'s relationship with Calcium |
|
Definition
| Parathyroid Hormone is released in response to hypocalcemia, stimulating osteoclast activity raising the blood-calcium level |
|
|
Term
| Fracture (Fx) Healing Process |
|
Definition
| Hematoma--> fibrocartilaginous callous--> bony callous--> remodeling |
|
|
Term
| Transverse vs. Oblique vs. Comminuted vs. Segmental Fx |
|
Definition
Communicated fractures:
T: horizontal
O: diagonal
C: >2 pieces
S: whole portion of bone is displaced |
|
|
Term
| Spiral vs. butterfly vs. impacted fx |
|
Definition
non-communicated fractures
S: fx wraps around bone
B: quasi-semicircular break
I: fracture fragments are wedged together |
|
|
Term
| RANKL, RANK, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) |
|
Definition
| RANKL is an enzyme produced by proto/osteoblasts which enhances the development of osteoclasts by binding RANK. OPG acts as a decoy, intercepting/inactivating RANKL |
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