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| the sequence of events by which light energy is converted into the stored chemical energy of organic molecules |
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| the distance from one wave peak to the next |
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| what light is composed of, small particles of energy |
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| when atom is in the condition in which all its electrons are in their normal, lowest-energy levels |
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| organelles that contain the green pigment chlorophyll |
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| a laye with many air spces and a very high concentration of water; chloroplasts usually lie in mesophyll's cells in leaves |
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| Microscopic Pores in plants that exchange inside gases with outside gases |
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| a fluid filled region enclosed by inner membrane; contains most of enzymes required to produce carbohydrate molecules |
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| disklike sacs suspended in stroma |
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| fluid filled interior space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane |
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| stacks of thylakoids; some thylakoid membranes extend from one granum to another |
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| the main pigment of photosynthesis; absorbs light primarily in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum |
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| most important form of chlorophyll; pigment that initiates the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
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| an accessory pigment that also participates in photosynthesis |
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| plot of pigment's absorption of light of different wavelengths |
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| graph of the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light in photosynthesis |
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| Light Dependent Reactions |
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| reactions in which light energy is converted to chemical energy; associated with thylakoids; takes in H20 and releases O2; produces ATP and NADPH |
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Carbon Fixation
(Light-Independent Reactions) |
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| reactions that produce carbohydrates; carbon atoms from CO2 are "fixed" to existing skeletons of organic molecules |
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| units in the thylakoid membranes where chlorophyll a & b & other accessory pigments are organized with pigment-binding proteins |
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| antenna complexes absorb light energy and transfersit to here |
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| Photosystem 1 (P700) and 2 (P680) |
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| Both consist of consist of a reaction center and multiple antenna complexes |
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| "light splitting" process in which electrons donated to the electron transport chain are replaced |
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| Cyclic Electron Transport |
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| the simplest light-dependent reaction that only photosystem I is involved in; produces ATP but no NADPH |
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| process in which synthesis of ATP is coupled to the transport of electrons that have been energized by photons of light |
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| enzyme that forms complexes that project into the stroma; each ATP Synthase complex couples exergonic diffusion with endergonic phosphorylation of ADP to ATP |
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| mechanism by which the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is coupled to diffusion down a proton gradient |
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| cycle of light independent reactions in the stroma to fix carbon; 1) CO2 uptake 2)Carbon reduction 3) RuBP regeneration |
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| process that degrades intermediates in Calvin cycle to CO2 to H2O; 1) occurs in presence of light 2)requires O2 2) produces CO2 and H2O |
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| fixes CO2 at low concentrations |
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Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Pathway
(CAM) Pathway |
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| pathway in which CAM plants fix CO2 at night |
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| Make own food from light energy |
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