Term
| Describe RNA structure and identify it's monomer |
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Definition
| Nucleotide monomer, a sugar, and one base (adenin, cytosine, uracil, or guanine) |
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Term
| List 3 types of RNA important to protein synthesis, and indicate where each type is found |
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Definition
mRNA: single stranded molecule, up to 10,000 bases long
tRNA: cross shaped, folded back forming hydrogen bonds, 70-90 bases long
rRNA |
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Term
| Describe how every cell contains all of the genes, but how each cell type functions differently from other cell types |
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Definition
| Different sets of genes are activated in different types of cells |
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Term
| Describe the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics using an arrow diagram |
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Definition
| DNA--> (replication)--> RNA-->(translation)-->proteins |
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Term
| Describe the structure of the protein molecule |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| gene is transcribed into mRNA in nucleus |
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Term
| List 4 steps of transcription |
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Definition
1. recognize and bind- polymerase binds to the promoter region and opens up DNA
2. transcribe- RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region and opens up DNA
3. terminate- RNA polymerase encounters termination sequence and stops creating the transcript
4. Capping and editing- mRNA introns snipped out and ends are capped, mRNA leaves nucleus |
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Term
| Explain the difference between primary RNA transcript and the final mRNA transcript |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mRNA translated into protein at a ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
1. recognize and bind
2. elongate
3. terminate |
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Term
| Explain what happens to the mRNA molecule after the protein is made |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify the locations of transcription and translation |
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Definition
transcription: in the nucleus
translation: in the ribosome |
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Term
| Identify the level at which prokaryotes control their gene expression |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify several levels at which eukaryotes control their gene expression |
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Definition
Chromatin condensation
DNA transcription
Translation
Protein activity
Cell signaling |
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