Term
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Definition
- 40 million
- Kikuyu is main tribe (22%)
- Nairobi is capital
- Mombasa is regions busiest port
- Capitalist economy since independence
- Tourism is main industry
- Climate gets drier as one goes north
- Most population in south
- Islam along coast
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Term
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Definition
- 42 million
- Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
- Population at Dar es Salaam and near the three major lakes: Malawi, Tanganyika, Victoria
- 100 ethnic groups, none are dominant
- 35% Muslim
- Followed socialist route after independence, farms collectivized, help from China
- Has been changing to a capitalist economy, but is still one of the poorest countries
- Has been a stable democracy
- Tourism not as well developed as in Kenya
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Term
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Definition
- 31 million
- Kingdom of Buganda was here with capital at Kampala – British took
- Independence in 1962 with good economy (largest producer of coffee in Commonwealth)
- 1971 Idi Amin ousted 75,000 Asians, killed perhaps 300,000 people
- 1979 Amin overthrown
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Term
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Definition
- 1990s Uganda accused of helping African rebels in Southern Sudan against Muslims in north, led to conflict
- Lord’s Resistance Army (“Christian” group) tried to take over, captured and enslaved children and created 2 million refugees, 1 million still in camps in 2009
- Rwanda and Congo wars spilled over into Uganda
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Term
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Definition
- Rwanda (10 million)
- Under Belgium, Tutsi dominated Hutu, although Hutu are 85% of population
- Hutu are farmers and Tutsis owned cattle, otherwise very similar groups
- 1962 independent under Hutu rule
- 1990 Tutsi rebels invade from Uganda
- 1993 peace accord
- 1994 mostly Hutu soldiers (30,000 man militia joined by civilians) and police slaughtered 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu sympathizers (Hotel Rwanda movie)
- Tutsi “Rwandan Patriotic Front” swept across the country, routing the government
- UN troops withdrew after losing 10 soldiers
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Term
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Definition
- 1.7 million Hutus fled to The Congo
- Hutus began to wage guerrilla warfare from refugees camps in The Congo
- 1998 UN tribunal sentences 9 people for genocide
- Much criticism of UN lack of action
- Tutsi president today
- War ended with The Congo as well in 2002
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Term
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Definition
- 9.4 million
- Hutu are 85% and Tutsi are 14% (1% Pygmy)
- “On again-off again” violence
- 1988 20,000 Hutus were slaughtered
- 1993 until 2001, more than 300,000 people slaughtered
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Term
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Definition
- 83 million
- 34% Muslim
- Coptic Christian
- 89% work in agriculture
- Adis Abeba is capital
- Landlocked
- Italians took Ethiopia during WWII
- 1977-1988 Somalis in Ogaden region fight for independence with help from Somalia, but are defeated, some fighting continues to this day
- 1977-1991 Mengistu rule during which 100,000 disappear or are killed for opposing government
- 1984-1986 Famine
- 1998-2000 Border dispute with Eritrea leads to 10 of thousands more dead
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Term
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Definition
- Astride the equator
- Mainly lowland country
- Congo Basin
- Vast areas of rainforest
- Countries
- The Congo (Belgian) (Zaire) (Kinshasa)
- Central African Republic (French) (Brazzaville)
- Sao Tome and Principe (Portuguese)
- Congo (French) Brazzaville
- Gabon (French)
- Equatorial Guinea (Spain)
- Cameroon (German, then French)
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Term
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Definition
- 70 million
- 23 miles coastline on Atlantic
- Rich minerals in Katanga
- Katanga Province attempted to secede in 1960, reunited with Congo in 1963 with UN help
- Mid 1990s: Eastern areas received refugees from Rwanda and Hutu guerrillas tried to take eastern Zaire
- Civil War with 6 surrounding countries participating
- Death toll may be 5 million
- Problems continue in the east
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Term
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Definition
- 4.6 million
- 1966: Bokassa seized power and established an authoritarian regime
- 1976:became Central African Empire. Bokassa became Emperor Bokassa I; he was crowned in a lavish ceremony in December 1977
- 1979: Bokassa issues an order that schoolchildren wear expensive uniforms made in his own factory. Widespread protests. The army was called in, and many children were put in prison, where they were massacred by the imperial guard. A committee of African judges later concluded that Bokassa had personally participated in the killings. In September 1979 he was overthrown in a French-backed coup. Bokassa went into exile.
- 1986 Tried and convicted.
- 1993: Amnesty granted to Bokassa.
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Term
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Definition
- 1.4 million
- GDP Per Capita is the second highest in Africa due to oil (OPEC member 1975-1995)
- Forestry Resources
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Term
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Definition
- 19.4 million
- Extension to Lake Chad
- Strong agricultural sector
- Border dispute with Nigeria over oil rich area
- Yaounde at night
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Term
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Definition
- 4.0 million people
- Capital of Brazzaville across river from Kinshasa
- Oil is most important resource
- Main port is Pointe Noire, connected to Brazzaville via railroad
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Term
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Definition
- 0.6 million (but really 1 million) (US&WR, 9/06)
- Spanish
- Divided State – mainland area, Bioko Island and several smaller islands
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Term
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Definition
- 3rd largest oil producer in sub-Saharan Africa after Nigeria and Angola, starting in early 1990s
- Nigeria, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea expected to contribute 25% of US oil imports within a few years
- State Dept calls the regime corrupt and repressive, but we treat them as friends because of the oil
- Oil is owned by the dictator’s family
- While new economic infrastructure is evident, most people still live in dire poverty
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