Term
|
Definition
| force multiplied by distance |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| enable an organism to live in its habitat |
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Term
|
Definition
| green plant at start of a food chain |
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Term
|
Definition
| an interconnection of food chains |
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Term
|
Definition
| the mass of living material |
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Term
|
Definition
| the use of glucose and oxygen in a cell to produce energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| the conditions in which bacteria thrive |
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Term
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Definition
| in the nitrogen cycle these break down the protein of dead animals to produce ammonium compounds |
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Term
|
Definition
| sewage,fertilizer,toxic chemicals |
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Term
|
Definition
| smoke and gases such as sulphur dioxide |
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Term
|
Definition
| toxic chemicals, pesticides,herbicides |
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Term
|
Definition
| obtained when sulphur dioxide enters the atmosphere |
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Term
|
Definition
| the main greenhouse gases |
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Term
|
Definition
| this has increased the carbon dioxide entering the air because of burning and reduced the rate at which carbon dioxide is removed from the air and locked up in wood |
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Term
|
Definition
| pollution of water by fertilizers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| carries genetic information about a particular characteristic |
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Term
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Definition
| found in the nucleus of all cells,contain genes |
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Term
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Definition
| different forms of the same gene that give rise to different characteristics eg hair colour,eye colour |
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Term
|
Definition
| the joining together of male and female sex cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| only one parent is needed |
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Term
|
Definition
| genetically identical individuals |
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Term
|
Definition
| the use of yeast cells to turn sugar into carbon dioxide and alcohol |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chemical reaction that gives out energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chemical reaction that takes in energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chemical reaction that can take place in opposite directions |
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Term
| raw materials for haber process |
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Definition
| nitrogen from the air and hydrogen from natural gas |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mass of a proton and neutron |
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Term
|
Definition
| the number of protons in the nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| worked out by adding together the number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
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Term
|
Definition
| type of bond formed when atoms share electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| a column in the periodic table |
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Term
|
Definition
| a row in the periodic table |
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Term
|
Definition
| also known as the alkali metals |
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Term
|
Definition
| also known as the halogens |
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Term
|
Definition
| also known as the noble or inert gases |
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Term
|
Definition
| an atom that has lost electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| an atom that has gained electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mass times gravitational field strength |
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Term
|
Definition
| the speed a falling object has when gravitational forces and air resistance are equal |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| change of speed divided by time |
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Term
|
Definition
| frequency times wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| metres per second per second |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the electromagnetic wave with the lowest frequency |
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Term
|
Definition
| the electromagnetic wave with the longest wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
| an inherited disease that causes faulty cell membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| follicle stimulating hormone |
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Term
|
Definition
| the number of chromosomes in a sperm |
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Term
|
Definition
| the sex chromosomes of a man |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical messenger in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone that stimulates growth of the lining of the womb |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a rection can only occur if molecules of reactants bash into each other |
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Term
|
Definition
| have a mass of 1amu and a charge of +1 |
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Term
|
Definition
| areaction which gives out energy usually in the form of heat |
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Term
| increase temp, increase concentration, increase surface area, use a catalyst |
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Definition
| how can you speed up a chemical reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| fast moving helium nuclei that carry a 2+ charge. they are stop by paper |
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Term
| amount of food,amountof competition,light available,number of predators,disease |
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Definition
| five factors that affect population size |
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Term
|
Definition
| the gradual heating of the earth's atmosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that neutralizes an acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| the sex chromosomes of a woman |
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Term
|
Definition
| poor conductor of heat and electricity |
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Term
|
Definition
| how does the reactivity of the halogens change |
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Term
|
Definition
| the time it takes for half the atoms in a radioisotope to decay |
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Term
|
Definition
| diagram showing the numbers of different organisms in a food chain |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| an object that orbits a planet or star |
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Term
|
Definition
| molecule found in red blood cells that carry oxygen |
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Term
|
Definition
| carbon dioxide and water producing glucose and oxygen |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| study of bacteria,viruses and fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| atoms with the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| when atoms lose or gain electrons to form bonds with each other |
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Term
| diamond, graphite, silicon dioxide |
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Definition
| 3 giant covalent structures |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a type nof EM radiation with a very high frquency |
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Term
|
Definition
| half times mass times speed squared |
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Term
|
Definition
| when the genes of an organism are changed to produce something different |
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Term
|
Definition
| place where organisms live |
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Term
|
Definition
| a small dense star formed when a red giant collapses |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is regulation of water called |
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Term
|
Definition
| a catalyst found in a living thing |
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Term
|
Definition
| a substance that is added to a chemical reaction to speed it up but it can be recovered afterwards |
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Term
|
Definition
| longitudinal seismic wave |
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Term
| more particles so more chance of a collision |
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Definition
| why does increasing concentration of reactants increase rate of reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| the minimum energy reactants must have when they collide if they are going to react |
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Term
| it reduces the activation energy for a reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| becauses the protein that makes up an enzyme is broken down above this temperature |
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Definition
| why are enzymes pretty useless above 45 degrees celsius |
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Term
|
Definition
| the pressure used in the Haber Process |
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Term
|
Definition
| what the catalyst in the haber process is made from |
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Term
|
Definition
| state of matter with no definite volume |
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Term
|
Definition
| movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
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Term
|
Definition
| change of state from gas to liquid |
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Term
|
Definition
| change of state from solid direct to gas (missing liquid) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to gain a full outer shell of electrons |
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Definition
| why do atoms form bonds with other atoms |
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Term
|
Definition
| why do atoms want full outer shells of electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| the maximum number of electrons in the third shell |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| potassium hydroxide and hydrogen |
|
Definition
| reacting potassium with water will produce |
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Term
| they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell |
|
Definition
| elements in the same group have similar properties because |
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|
Term
| they react with water making alkaline solutions |
|
Definition
| group 1 are called alkali metals because |
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Term
|
Definition
| normal cell division that occurs in growth and repair |
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Term
|
Definition
| cell division that occurs in the production of reproductive cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| the hormone present in the contraceptive pill |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| this group of elements all have coloured vapours |
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Term
| group 0 (the noble or inert gases) |
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Definition
| which group of the periodic table is chemically unreactive |
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Term
|
Definition
| which group of elements have high melting points, can often be used as catalysts and form many coloured compounds |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is needed to make something accelerate |
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Term
|
Definition
| what type of force opposes the direction of movement |
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Term
| work out gradient or slope of the line |
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Definition
| on a distance-time graph how do you work out speed |
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Term
|
Definition
| what factors can affect a drivers reaction time |
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Term
| slippery conditions,condition of brakes and tyres |
|
Definition
| what factors affect a car's braking distance |
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Term
|
Definition
| on a velocity-time graph how will constant speed be shown |
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|
Term
| work out the gradient or slope of the line |
|
Definition
| on a velocity time graph how do you work out acceleration |
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|
Term
| work out the area under the line |
|
Definition
| on a velocity time graph how do you work out the distance travelled |
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|
Term
| making alcohol,bread and yoghurt |
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Definition
| give three examples of uses of enzymes in the food industry |
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|
Term
| take milk,add bacteria that produce enzymes that make the milk sour |
|
Definition
| how would you make yoghurt |
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Term
| about 450 degress celsius |
|
Definition
| what temperature is used in the haber process |
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|
Term
| 3 parts hydrogen to 1 part nitrogen |
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Definition
| what is the ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen used in the haber cycle |
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|
Term
| because it is used in the manufacture of fertilizers |
|
Definition
| why is production of ammonia important |
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Term
|
Definition
| other than ammonia what chemical is needed to make ammonium nitrate fertilizer |
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Term
|
Definition
| ammonium is added to nitric acid to make ammonium nitrate fertilizer. what type of reaction is this |
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|
Term
| a material that contains only one type of atom |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| each atom donates an electron where the outer electron shells overlap.Both the electrons are shared by both the atoms |
|
Definition
| how is a simple covalent bond between two atoms formed |
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Term
|
Definition
| in an ionic bond what type of force holds the ions together |
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|
Term
| many,many,many atoms or ions joined together in a regular pattern |
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Definition
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|
Term
| low melting and boiling point,non conductors of electricity |
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Definition
| give two properties of simple covalent compounds |
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Term
|
Definition
| what can you predict about the melting point of a giant covalent structure |
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Term
| forms ionic lattices,high melting and boiling points,conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water |
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Definition
| give some properties of ionic compounds |
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Term
|
Definition
| what type of elements are Fe, Cu, Zn, Ag, Pt, Au, Hg |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is an unusual property for metals of most of the alkali metals |
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|
Term
| light,water,oxygen,temperature,carbon dioxide,nutrients |
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Definition
| list 6 factors that can affect the distribution of plants and animals |
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|
Term
| the number of organisms at each stage of a food chain |
|
Definition
| what does a pyramid of numbers tell us |
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Term
|
Definition
| name 3 ways that energy is lost between stages of a food chain |
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Term
| building,farming,disposal of waste,extraction of raw materials |
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Definition
| in which 4 ways has availability of land to animals and plants been reduced |
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Term
| new varieties of plant/animal, plants/animals that have increased yields |
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Definition
| give two reasons for using selective breeding |
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Term
| taking cuttings(plants),tissue culture and embryo transplants(animals) |
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Definition
| give three examples of methods of producing clones |
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Term
| lack of variation which reduces a species ability to respond to environmental change/disease |
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Definition
| What is a disadvantage of selective breeding/cloning |
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Term
| causes egg to mature and ovaries to produce oestrogen |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| inhibits production of FSH and causes production of LH |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| stimulates release of egg |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| which hormone can be given as a fertility drug |
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Term
| a change to the genetic code which results in a new form of gene |
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Definition
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|
Term
| because the force generated by the engine is equal to air resistance |
|
Definition
| explain why cars reach a steady speed |
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|
Term
| spying,weather monitoring,telecommunicatios |
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Definition
| name 3 uses of artificial satellites |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is the name of the orbit where a satellite will travel above the same point on the earth's surface all the time |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is the core of a comet made from |
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|
Term
| the remains of a supernova |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what does a star become following its period of stable life |
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|
Term
| red shift of light from far away galaxies |
|
Definition
| how do we know the universe is expanding |
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|
Term
| wavelengths of light are moved towards the red end of the spectrum |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| distance from peak to peak on waves next to each other |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the number of waves every second |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| speed equals frequency times wavelength |
|
Definition
| what is the wave equation |
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|
Term
| lightchanges direction when it moves from one material into another if it strikes it at an angle |
|
Definition
| what is refraction of light |
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|
Term
| because light moves at different speeds in different materials |
|
Definition
| why does refraction occur |
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|
Term
| where refraction becomes reflection |
|
Definition
| what is total internal reflection |
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|
Term
| telecommunication systems and endoscopes |
|
Definition
| name 2 uses of optical fibres |
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Term
|
Definition
| what type of wave has a frequency slightly higher than visible light |
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Term
|
Definition
| what type of wave is used for communication with satellites |
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Term
|
Definition
| what type of wave is used for tv remote controls |
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Term
|
Definition
| what are the 3 types of radiation |
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Term
|
Definition
| if a radioisotope has a half life of 5 hourswhat fraction of it will remain after 10 hours |
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