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Gastrulation/Neurulation
Biology 200 Lecture Notes
13
Biology
Undergraduate 2
08/04/2011

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Term
What is gastrulation?
Definition
The process of creating cell tissue layers.
Term
What parts of the body are ectoderm-derived?
Definition
Nervous system, cornea and lens of eye, epidermis of skin, epithelial lining of mouth and rectum.
Term
What parts of the body are mesoderm-derived?
Definition
Skeletal system, circulatory system, lymphatic system, musculatory system, excretory system, reproductive system, dermis of skin, lining of body cavity.
Term
What parts of the body are endoderm-derived?
Definition
Epithelial lining of digestive tract, respiratory tract, reproductive tract, urinary tract, liver, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroids, thymus.
Term
Step 1 of Frog Gastrulation
Definition
Regions of the frog blastula contain cytoplasmic determinants that determine their fate during gastrulation.
Term
Step 2 of Frog Gastrulation
Definition
Formation of the blastopore opening in the embryo. Surface cells move into the interior through the blastopore.
Term
Step 3 of Frog Gastrulation
Definition
The blastocoel shrinks as the surface cells continue to move inward, forming the three embryonic tissue layers.
Term
Step 4 of Frog Gastrulation
Definition
The three embryonic tissue layers are formed, ready for organogenesis. The blastopore (future anus) surrounds a plug of yolk cells.
Term
Henson's Node
Definition
Hensons' node sends out signal to gastrulate; signaled cells invade into the embryo, creating cell layers; node migrates posteriorly
Term
First Step of Neurulation
Definition
Notochord forms from mesoderm cells soon after gastrulation is complete.
Term
Second Step of Neurulation
Definition
Signals from notochord induce inward folding of the ectoderm.
Term
Third Step of Neurulation
Definition
Farthest-reaching cells join to form a closed tube.
Term
A product of neurulation is a hollow tube; what will this later become?
Definition
Spinal column
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