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Gallbladder - Vocab
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
30
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/11/2011

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Cards

Term
Adenomyomatosis
Definition

Small polypoid projections from

the gallbladder wall

Term
Ampulla of Vater
Definition
Small opening in the duodenum in which the pancreatic and common bile duct enter the release of secretions
Term
Bilirubin
Definition
Yellow pigment in bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells
Term
Cholangitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bile duct
Term
Cholecystectomy
Definition
Removal of the gallbladder
Term
Cholecystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the gallbladder; may be acute or chronic
Term
Cholecystokinin
Definition
Hormone secreted into the blood by the mucosa of the upper small intestine; stimulated contraction of the gallbladder and pancreatic secretiion of enzymes
Term
Choledochal cyst
Definition

Dilation of the common duct that

may cause obstruction

Term
Choledocholithiasis
Definition
Stones in the bile duct
Term
Cholelithiasis
Definition
gallstones in the gallbladder
Term
Cholesterosis
Definition

Variant of adenomyomatosis;

cholesterol polyps

Term
Common bile duct
Definition
Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct mets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct
Term
Common Hepatic duct
Definition

Bile duct system that drains the liver into

 the common bile duct

Term
Cystic duct
Definition
Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct
Term
Gallbladder
Definition
Storage pouch for bile
Term
Hartmann's pouch
Definition
Small part of the gallbladder that lies near the cystic duct wher stones may collect
Term
Heister's valve
Definition

Tiny valves found within

the cystic duct

Term
Hydrops
Definition

Massive enlargement of

the gallbladder

Term
Jaundice
Definition
Excessive bilirubin accumulation causes yellow pigmentation of the skin; first seen in the whites of the eyes
Term
Junctional fold
Definition
Small septum within the gallbladder, usually arising from the posterior wall
Term
Klatskin's tumor
Definition
Cancer at the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts; may causse asymmetric obstruction of the biliary tree
Term
Murphy's sign
Definition
Positive sign implies exquisite tenderness over the area of the gallbladder upon palpation
Term
Pancreatic Duct
Definition

Travels horizontally through the pancreas to join the common bile duct at the

ampulla of vater

Term
Phrygian cap
Definition
Gallbladder variant in which part of the fundus is bent back on itself
Term
Polyp
Definition
Small, well-defined soft tissue projection from the gallbladder wall
Term
Porcelain gallbladder
Definition
Calcification of the gallbladder wall
Term
Porta Hepatis
Definition
Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common duct, and hepatic artery enter
Term
Sludge
Definition
Low-level echoes found along the posterior margin of the gallbladder; move with change in position
Term
Sphincter of Oddi
Definition

Small muscle that guards the

ampulla of vater

Term

Wall echo shadow

(WES) sign

Definition
Sonographic pattern found when the gallbladder is packed with stones
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