what is the origin of abductor hallucis muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis
• medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
• abducts and flexes the 1st digit (great toe, hallux)
• medial plantar nerve
• medial plantar a.
• abductor hallucis forms the medial margin of the sole of the foot

what is the origin of flexor digitorum brevis muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermsucular septa
• both sides of the middle phalanges of lateral four digits
• flexes hte metatarsophalangeal adn proximal inerphalangeal joints of digits 2 to 5.
• medial plantar nerve
• medial and lateral plantar aa.
• flexor digitorum brevis in the foot is equivalent to the flexor digitorum superficialis m. of the arm

what is the origin of abductor digiti minimi muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• medial and lateral sides of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
• lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of 5th digits
• lateral plantar nerve
• lateral plantar a.
• abductor digiti minimi forms the lateral margin of the sole of the foot

what is the origin of quadratus plantae muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• medial surface and latearl margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
• posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
• assists flexor digitroum longis in flexing toes; in flexes lataerl four digits
• lateral plantar nerve
• ateral plantar a.
• the quadratus plantae m. changes the line of force of the flexor digitorum longus m. to bring it in line with the long axis of the foot

what is the origin of lumbricals muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• tendons of the flexor digitorum longus
• medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits
• flex proximal phalanges; exntend middle and distal phalnges of lateral fourd digits
• medial one: emdial plantar nerve; lateral three: lateral plantar nerve
• medial and lateral plantar aa.
• the lumbricals of the foot have the same action on the toes that the lumbricals in the hand have on the fingers

what is the origin of flexor hallucis brevis muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
• both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
• flexes proximal phalnx of first digit
• medial plantar nerve
• medial plantar artery
• each tendon of insertion contains a sesamoid bone

what is the origin of adductor hallucis muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• oblique head: bases of metartarsals 2 to 4; transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints
• tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
• adduct 1st digit; assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot
• deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
• medial plantar a.
• abductor hallucis forms the medial margin of the sole of the foot

what is the origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• base of 5th metatarsal bone
• lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
• flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, thereby assisting with its flexion
• superifical branch of lateral planter nerve
• medial and lateral plantar aa.
• flexor digitorum brevis in the foot is equivalent to the flexor digitorum superficialis m. of the arm

what is the origin of plantar interossei muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• base and medial side of metatarsals 3-5
• medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digits
• adduct digits (3-5) and flex metatasophalangeal joints
• lateral plantar nerve
• plantar metatarsal aa.
• remember PAD (Plantar interossei ADduct) and DAB (Dorsal interossei ABduct), and logic will tell you where these muscles must insert

what is the origin of dorsal interossei muscles?

insertion?

action?

innervation?

artery?

• adjacent sides of metarsals 1-5
• first: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digits; second to fourth: lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits
• abducts digits (2-4) and flex metarsophalangeal joints)
• deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve
• dorsal metatarsal aa.

what is the source of the medial plantar nerve?

branches?

motor?

sensory?

• tibial n.
• plantar cutaneous brs.; proper plantar digital n. (medial side of the great toe); common plantar digital nn. (1st-3rd)
• abductor hallucis m., flexor hallucis brevis m., flexor digitorum brevis m., 1st lumbrical m.
• skin of the medial side of the plantar surface of the foot; skin of the plantar surface of the medial 3 1/2 toes (and the nail bed of these toes)
• medial plantar n. accompanies the medial plantar a. though the sole of the foot

what is the source of the lateral plantar nerve?

branches?

motor?

sensory?

• tibial n.
• superficial and deep branches
• quadratus plantae m., abductor digiti minimi m., flexor digiti minimi brevis m., lateral 3 lumbrical mm., adductor hallucis m., plantar & dorsal interosseous mm.
• skin of the lateral side of the plantar surface of the foot; skin of the plantar surface of the lateral 1 1/2 toes (and the nail bed of these toes)
• lateral plantar n. accompanies the lateral plantar a. though the sole of the foot

what is the source of the medial plantar artery?

branches?

supply to?

• posterior tibial a.
• digital brs. (3)
• medial side of the sole of the foot
• medial plantar a. anastomoses with the plantar metatarsal aa., but does not usually participate in formation of the plantar arterial arch

what is the source of the lateral plantar artery?

branches?

supply to?

• posterior tibial a.
• proper plantar digital a. to lateral side of 5th digit
• deep foot; the plantar arterial arch and its brs. supply the toes, including the distal phalangeal segment dorsally
• lateral plantar a. becomes continuous with the plantar arterial arch

what is the source of the deep plantar artery?

branches?

supply to?

• dorsalis pedis
• plantar metatarsal aa. (4)
• deep foot; its plantar metatarsal brs. and their brs. supply the toes, including the dorsum of the distal phalangeal segment
• anastomoses with lateral plantar a. to form the plantar arterial arch; the branches mentioned at left arise from the plantar arterial arch

what is the source of the metatarsal plantar artery?

branches?

supply to?

• plantar arterial arch
• perforating br., plantar digital aa. (2)
• interosseous mm., deep portions of the foot; digits including the dorsum of the distal phalangeal segment
• plantar metatarsal aa.anastomose with dorsal metatarsal aa.

what is the source of the plantar arterial arch?

branches?

supply to?

• lateral plantar a.
• plantar metatarsal aa. (4)
• deep foot; its plantar metatarsal brs. and their brs. supply the toes, including the dorsum of the distal phalangeal segment
• plantar arterial arch anastomoses with the deep plantar br. of the dorsalis pedis a.

what are the tributaries of lateral plantar vein?

drains into?

regions drained?