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Fundamentals Vocab: Gastroinetstinal
Gastrointestinal
29
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
09/04/2011

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Term
bowel training
Definition
helps to reestablish normal bowel movements in persons who suffer from constipation, diarrhea, incontinence, or irregularity. Healthy bowel activity is considered one or two movements of moderate size every day.
Term
catharics
Definition
An agent for purging the bowels, especially a laxative.
Term
chyme
Definition
the semifluid mass into which food is converted by gastric secretion and which passes from the stomach into the small intestine.

the semifluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum
Term
colostomy
Definition
the construction of an artificial opening from the colon through the abdominal wall, thus bypassing a diseased portion of the lower intestine and permitting the passage of intestinal contents.
Term
defecation
Definition
to discharge from the anus
vi : to discharge feces from the bowels
Term
diarrhea
Definition
Excessive and frequent evacuation of watery feces
Term
diverticula
Definition
an abnormal pouch or sac opening from a hollow organ (as the colon or bladder)
Term
effluent
Definition
something that flows out, especially a discharge that carries waste products.
Term
endoscopy
Definition
a long slender medical instrument used for examining the interior of hollow organs including the lung, stomach, bladder, and bowel
Term
enema
Definition
the injection of liquid into the intestine by way of the anus (as for cleansing or examination)
Term
emesis
Definition
vomiting
Term
excoration
Definition
To tear or wear off the skin of; abrade
Term
feces
Definition
bodily waste matter derived from ingested food and the secretions of the intestines and discharged through the anus
Term
flatulence
Definition
The presence of excessive gas in the digestive tract.
Term
flatus
Definition
intestinal gas produced by bacterial action on waste matter in the intestines and composed primarily of hydrogen sulfide and varying amounts of methane.
Term
gastroscopy
Definition
a medical instrument for examining the interior of the stomach
Term
guiac test
Definition
diagnostic tool used to evaluate fecal matter in an effort to detect abnormalities associated with gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. Evaluated for the presence of blood, fecal occult blood test
Term
halitosis
Definition
The condition of having foul-smelling breath.
Term
hematemesis
Definition
vomiting of blood
Term
Ileostomy
Definition
surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the ileum to an opening in the abdominal wall
Term
impaction
Definition
lodgment or an instance of lodgment of feces in the bowels
Term
incontinence
Definition
unable to restrain natural discharges or evacuations of feces.
Term
masticate
Definition
to chew
Term
melena
Definition
the discharge of black, tarry, bloody stools, usually resulting from a hemorrhage
Term
paralytic ileus
Definition
the occurrence of intestinal blockage in the absence of an actual physical obstruction. This type of blockage is caused by a malfunction in the nerves and muscles in the intestine that impairs digestive movement
Term
peristalsis
Definition
successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of a hollow muscular structure (as the esophagus or intestine) and forcing the contents onward compare
Term
regurgitate
Definition
a chronic condition in which acid from the stomach flows back into the lower esophagus, causing pain or tissue damage.
Term
stoma
Definition
an artificial permanent opening especially in the abdominal wall made in surgical procedures

ex: colostomy stoma
Term
valsalva maneuver
Definition
used to aid diagnosis of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency (ISD) in urodynamic tests. Valsalva leak point pressure is the pressure that is associated with urine leakage
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