Term
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Definition
| A team made up of a registered nurse and other caregivers provides care to a designated group of patients on a given shift. Modified the depersonalized approach of functional nursing and focused on individual patient care |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurses and other staff are assigned to specific tasks for a group of patients. Based on the assembly-line concept found in industry; specializing tasks increases efficiency by results in impersonal care. |
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Term
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Definition
A nurse is accountable for planning, evaluating, and directing the care of a patient 24 hours a day throughout the patient’s stay. A method of providing comprehensive, individualized, and consistent care; expensive
table 23-3 |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS/ATTRIBUTES OF NURSE LEADER |
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Definition
-engages in teamwork as a team player and a team builder
-works to create and maintain healthy work environments in local, regional, or international communities
-displays the ability to define a clear vision, the associated goals, and a plan to implement and measure progress
-demonstrates a commitment to continuous, lifelong learning for self and others
-teaches others to succeed by mentoring and other strategies
-exhibits creativity and flexibility through times of change
-demonstrates energy, excitement, and a passion for quality work
-willingly accepts mistakes by self and others, thereby creating a cultures in which risk taking is not only safe, but also expected
-inspires loyalty through valuing of people as the most precious asset in an organization
-directs the coordination of care across settings and among caregivers, including oversight of licensed and unlicensed personnel in any assigned or delegated tasks
-serves in key roles in the work setting by participating on committees, councils, and administrative teams
-promotes advancement of the profession through participation in professional organization
powerpoint: charismatic, dynamic, enthusiastic, poised, self-confident, self-directed, flexible, knowledgeable, politically aware |
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Term
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Definition
| power obtained by virtue of a person’s position |
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Term
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Definition
| power obtained by force of a person’s personality that might enable him/her to have more power to influence others than designated leaders |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to establish trusting interpersonal relationships with patients, peers, subordinates and superiors to maximize goal achievement and enhance the personal growth of all participants |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to analyze all sides of a problem, to suspend judgment, to explore multiple options and to work towards a creative solution |
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Term
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Definition
| : the ability to direct others toward goal achievement; this ability involves the recognition and fostering of unique talents and skills of others and the ability to match these with necessary tasks, organizing skills, financial skills and the ability to generate and use resources widely |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to assess honestly one’s effectiveness and to accept both praise and criticism; and the ability to direct personal professional growth and development |
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Term
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Definition
| : aka directive leadership or authoritarian leadership, involves the leader assuming complete control over the decision and activities of the group |
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Term
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Definition
| : aka participative leadership, is characterized by a sense of equality among the leader and other participants; decisions and activities are shared; group and leader work together to accomplish mutually set goals and outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| can create revolutionary change; charismatic, these leaders are unique in their ability to inspire and motivate others |
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Term
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Definition
| leadership that moves beyond the traditional modes previously experienced by all levels of workers; spawned by the impact of the information age on work and the worker |
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Term
| REFLECTIVE (managerial perspective/mindset) |
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Definition
| allows managers to mentally digest experiences and reflect on them in a different way |
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Term
| collaborative (managerial mindset) |
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Definition
| involves listening more than talking and allowing people to take initiative and control their own work |
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Term
| analytical (managerial mindset) |
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Definition
| encourages introspection so that one can recognize biases and see things in a unique way |
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Term
conflict resolution
AVOIDING |
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Definition
| There is awareness of the conflict situation but the parties involved decide to either ignore the conflict or avoid/postpone its resolution. Conflict has not been resolved and may resurface later in an exaggerated format |
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Term
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
COLLABORATING |
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Definition
| Joint effort to resolve the conflict with a win-win solution. All parties set aside previously determined goals, determine a priority common goal, and accept mutual responsibility for achieving this goal. This focus on problem solving is based on mutual respect, honest communication, and shared decision making |
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Term
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
COMPETING |
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Definition
| This approach results in a win for one party at the expense of the other group/s. this win/lose confrontation can leave the loser frustrated with a desire to get even in the future. This strategy may be utilized when one party has more knowledge regarding the situation or when resistance is appropriate because of ethical concerns or unsafe patient care practices |
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Term
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
COMPROMISING |
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Definition
| For this technique to be effective, both parties must be willing to relinquish something of equal value. If that doesn’t occur, then either or both parties may feel that they have lost the conflict and given up more than the other group |
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Term
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
COOPERATING/ACCOMODATING |
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Definition
| One party makes a conscious decision to let the other group win, but frequently with this strategy, the accommodating party collects IOUs for use in the future. The original loss may result in a more positive outcome in the future |
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Term
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
SMOOTHING |
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Definition
| an effort to complement the other party and focus on agreement rather than disagreement thus reducing the emotion in the conflict. The original conflict is rarely resolved with this technique |
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Term
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Definition
TASK, CIRCUMSTANCES, PERSON, DIRECTION/COMMUNICATION, SUPERVISION
Right task : one that is delegable for a specific patient
Right circumstances: appropriate patient setting, available resources, and other relevant factors considered
Right person: delegating right task to the right person to be performed on the right person (patient)
Right direction/communication: clear, concise description of the task, including its objective, limits, and expectations
Right supervision: appropriate monitoring, evaluation, intervention as needed and feedback |
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Term
NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL
BOWEL ELIMINATION |
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Definition
| Autonomic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system stimulates movement, while the sympathetic system inhibits movement. Contractions of intestines peristalsis occurs every 3 to 21 minutes; mass peristalsis often occurs after food has been ingested; 1/3 to ½ of ingested food waste is normally excreted in the stool within 24 hours- remainder within 24-48 hours. Pass sigmoid colon to rectum, stopped to exit anal sphincters. Internal and external sphincter control discharge of feces & flatus (intestinal gas) |
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Term
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Definition
dry hard stool; difficult/incomplete passage of stool
- decreased gastric motility → increased fluid absorption → dry hard stool
- patients on bed rest taking constipating meds
- patients with reduced fluid intake or bulk
- depression
- patients with CNS disease or local lesions that cause pain |
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Term
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Definition
more than 3 loose stools in one day
-associated with intestinal cramps
-protective response when the cause is irritants in the intestinal |
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Term
| COLOSTOMY STOOL CONSISTENCY |
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Definition
| ormed feces through the stoma |
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Term
| ILEOSTOMY STOOL CONSISTENCY |
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Definition
| liquid fecal content from ileum of the small intestine to be eliminated through stoma |
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Term
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Definition
| lubricate the stool and intestinal mucosa, making defecation easier; about 150-200mL solution administered to adults |
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Term
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Definition
| help to expel flatus from the rectum and provide relief from gaseous distention; common solutions include milk and molasses enema (equal parts) and the magnesium sulfate-glycerin-water (MGW) enema (30mL magnesium sulfate, 60mL glycerin, and 90 mL warm water) |
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Term
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Definition
| provide medication that are absorbed through the rectal mucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| destroy intestinal parasites |
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Term
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Definition
| solution that has about the same concentration of particles, or osmolarity as plasma (btwn 275 and 295 mOsm/L) |
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Term
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Definition
| has a greater osmolarity than plasma (>295 mOsm/L); water moves out of the cells and is drawn into intravascular compartment cause cells to shrink |
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Term
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Definition
| has less osmolarity than plasma (<275 mOsm/L); solution in the intravascular space moves out of intravascular space and into intracellular fluid cause cells to swell and possible burst |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the most effective way to measure acid-base balance, and oxygenation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| CONDITIONS THAT CAUSES RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS |
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Definition
Inadequate excretion of CO2 with inadequate ventilation
Any decrease in alveolar ventilation that result in retention of CO2
Acute respiratory disease: pulmonary edema, aspiration of foreign body, atelectasis, overdose of sedative or anesthetic, cardiac arrest
Chronic respiratory disease: emphysema, bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis
Inadequate mechanical ventilation
CNS depression
Neuromuscular disease |
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Term
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Definition
Acute respiratory acidosis: mental cloudiness, dizziness, muscular twitching, unconsciousness
Chronic “”: weakness, dull headache |
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Term
| CONDITIONS (METABOLIC ALKALOSIS) |
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Definition
Diarrhea
Intestinal fistula
Ureterosigmoidostomy
Hyperailmentation
Excessive intake of acids
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Renal failure
Starvation ketoacidosis |
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Term
| S/S RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS |
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Definition
| Headache, confusion, drowsiness, increased respiratory rate and depth, nausea & vomiting, peripheral vasodilation |
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Term
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Definition
Fluid status… lab: Serum Electrolytes, BUN and Creatine Levels Lab
Fluid balance status: daily weight |
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Term
| HOMEOSTASIS AND ORGAN INVOLVED |
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Definition
Table 40-2
Kidneys
Heart & Blood Vessels
Lungs
Adrenal Glands
Pituitary Glands
Nervous System
Parathyroid Glands |
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Term
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Definition
| major method of transporting body fluids; water shifts and balance depend heavily on this route of transport |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent; solute moves from area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established |
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Term
| fluid volume deficit and fluid volume overload affect the CBC |
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Definition
Increased hematocrit values: found in severe fluid volume deficit & shock (when hemoconcentration rises considerably)
Decreased hematocrit values: found with acute, massive blood loss, and with hemolytic reaction after transfusion of incompatible blood or with fluid overload
Increased levels of hemoglobin: found in hemoconcentration of the blood
Decreased levels of hemoglobin: found with anemia states, severe hemorrhage, and after a hemolytic reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| laboratory examination to determine a person’s blood type |
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Term
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Definition
| process of determining compatibility between blood specimens |
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Term
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Definition
| See compatibility of donor and recipient; otherwise clumping and hemolysis of recipient’s blood occurs → death |
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Term
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Definition
b. Blood groups A, B, AB, O
c. Type of IV fluid used to give blood transfusion. 0.9% normal saline
d. Types of blood transfusion
whole blood or blood component : plasma, rbcs, platelets
allogenic/homologous (donor’s blood) vs autlogous (Pt’s own blood) |
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Term
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Definition
an inflammation of a vein; mechanical trauma from needle or catheter; chemical trauma from solution
s/s: local, acute tenderness; redness, warmth, and slight edema of the vein above the insertion site |
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Term
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Definition
the escape of fluid into the subQ tissue; dislodged needle; penetrated vessel wall
s/s: swelling, pallor, coldness or pain around the infusion site; significant decrease in the flow rate |
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Term
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Definition
| can be measured and include fluid lost during urination, defecation, and wounds |
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Term
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Definition
| can’t be measured or seen and include fluid lost from the evaporation thought the skin and as water vapor from the lungs during respiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
8.6-10.2 mg/dL
ATI: 9-10.5 mg/dL |
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Term
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Definition
1.3-2.3 mEq/L
ATI: 1.3-2.1 mEq/L |
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Term
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Definition
| 35-45 mmHg; hyperventilation less than 35mmHg |
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Term
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Definition
| 80-100 mmHg; less than 60mmHg anaerobic metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| 22-26 mEq/dL; less than 22 metabolic acidosis; more than 26 metabolic alkalosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| substance that causes the formation of antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| protein substance developed in the body in response to the presence of an antigen that is has entered the body |
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Term
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Definition
| antibody that causes a clumping of specific antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| primary excess of carbonic acid in ecf |
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Term
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Definition
| deficit of carbonic acid in ecf |
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Term
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Definition
| proportionate deficit of bicarbs in ecf |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| remove h2o through exhalation 300 ml per day (insensible water loss) |
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Term
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Definition
| aldosterone, RAAS, NA retention, water retention, potassium loss |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excessive retention of water and NA in ECF |
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Term
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Definition
| above normal amounts of water in Extracellular spaces |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive ECF accumulates in tissue spaces |
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