All of the following are true for a hormone except

A. Hormones are secreted by an endocrine gland

B. Hormones are secreted in very small amounts

C. Hormones are released by the glands through a duct

D. Hormones act on specific target cells

E. Hormones bind to specific receptors in target cells

C. Hormones are relased by the glands through a duct

Which of the following hormone decreases blood sugar?

A. Thyroid hormone

B. Glucagon

C. Growth hormone

D. Insulin

D. Insulin

Which of the following hormones are referred to as gonadotropins?

A. Estrogen and testosterone

B. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

C. ADH and oxytocin

D. FSH and LH

D. FSH and LH

Which of the following adrenal hormone has anti-inflammatory activity and is present in ointments for skin rashes?

A. Aldosterone

B. Cortisol

C.Androgen

D. Epinephrine

E. Norepinephrine

B. Cortisol

Which of the following endocrine gland is a major source of male hormones in a female body?

A. Testis

B. Ovary

C. Adrenal gland

D. Thyroid gland

E. Pituitary hormone

C. Adrenal gland

Which of the following structure connects nervous system with endocrine system?

A. Pituitary gland

B. Hypothalamus

C. Pineal gland

D. Thymus

E. Thyroid

B. Hypothalamus

In order to determine the level of a specific hormone in the body, which of the following is tested?

A. The endocrine gland that secretes the hormone

B. Cerebrospinal fluid

C. Blood

D. Urine

E. Specific target cells or organs

C. Blood

Chemicals that act on the neighboring cells are referred to as

A. Endocrines

B. Autocrines

C. Paracrines

C. Paracrines

Release of epinephrine by adrenal gland is an example of

a. Nervous system stimulation

b. Hormonal stimulation

c. Non-hormonal/other chemical stimulation

a. Nervous system stimulation

Which of the following types of hormones are typically water insoluable and lipid soluble?

a. Amine Hormones

b. Peptide Hormones

c. Protein Hormones

d. Steroid Hormones

d. Steroid Hormones

Neurosecretory cells located in hypothalamus extend through infundibulum to store its hormones in

A. Thalamus

B. Anterior Pituitary

C. Posterior Pituitary

D. Blood

C. Posterior Pituitary

Which of the following hormones acts as a tropic homone?

A. FSH

B. Calcitonin

C. Epinephrine

D. Oxytocin

E. Insulin

A. FSH

Which of the following would be classified as antagonistic hormones?

A. FSH and LH

B. PTH and Calcitonin

C. Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

D. T3 and T4

E. ADH and OT

All of the following hormones are secreted by anterior pituitary except

A. ADH

B. ACTH

C. hGH

D. MSH

E. TSH

Which of the following hormone is responsible for release of milk and is regulated by positive feedback system?

A. Prolactin

B. Oxytocin

C. Estrogen

D. Progesterone

C. Cortisol

Which of the following disorder is due to hyposecretion of ADH?

A. Diabetes Mellitus

B. Diabetes Insipidus

C. Diabetogenic Effect

Hormones that are responsible for "fight or flight response" are 

A. Thyroid Hormones

B. Gonadotropins

C. Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

D. Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormones

Receptors for protein hormone such as insulin are located

A. On the plasma membrane

B. In the cytoplasm

C. In the nuclear membrane

D. Inside the nucleus

Estrogen and testosterone are steroid hormones. They act on their target cells by stimulating production of second messenger inside the cell.

TRUE

or

FALSE

A Steady concentration of hormone is maintained by the endocrine gland in the body.

TRUE 

or 

FALSE

In the effect of two or more hormones acting together is greater than the sum of each acting alone, then the two hormones are said to have a permissive effect.

TRUE

or 

FALSE

In the direct gene activation method of hormone action, the hormone enters the target cell and binds to an intracellular receptor. The activated receptor-hormone complex then alters gene expression to produce the protein that causes the physiological responses that are characteristic of the hormone.

TRUE

or 

FALSE

Which of the following comparisons are true? 

 (1) Nerve impulses produce their effects quickly; hormonal responses generally are slower. (2) Nervous system effects are bried; endocrine system effects are longer lasting. (3) The nervous system controls homeostasis through mediator molecules called neurotransmitters; the endocrine system works through mediator molecules called hormones. (4) The nervous system can stimulate or inhibit the release of hormone; some hormones are released by neurons as neurotransmitters. (5) Neurotransmitters transmit impulses directly; hormones must bind to receptors on or in target cells in order to exert their effects.

A. 1,2,3,4, and 5

B. 1,2,3, and 4

C. 2,3,4, and 5

D. 2, 4, and 5

E. 1,4, and 5

Insulin and thyroxine arrive at an organ at the same time. Thyroxine causes an effect on the organ but insulin does not. Why?

A. Insulin is a lipid-soluble hormone and thyroxine is not.

B. The target cells in the organ have up-regulated for thyroxine.

C. Thyroxine is a local hormone and isulin is a circulating hormone.

D. Thyroinhibits the action of insulin

E. The organ's cells have receptors for thyroxine but not for insulin.

Which of the following is not a category of water-soluble hormones?

A. Peptides

B. Amines

C. Eicosanoids

D. Steroids

E. Proteins

Place in correct order the action of a water-soluble hormone on its target cell. (1) Adenylate cyclase is activated, catalyzing the conversion of ATP to cAMP. (2) Enzymes catalyze reactions that produce a physiological response attributed to the hormone. (3) The hormone binds to a membrane receptor. (4) Activated protein kinases phosphorylate cellular proteins. (5) The hormone-receptor complex activates G proteins. (6) Cyclic AMP activates protein kinases.

A. 3,5,1,6,4,2

B. 3,1,5,6,4,2

C. 5,1,4,2,3,6

D. 3,4,5,1,6,2

E. 6,3,5,1,4,2

The pituitary gland (1) is located in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, (2) is linked t othe hypothalamus by the infundibulum, (3) has a posterior portion that contains axon terminals from hypothalamic neurosecretory cells, (4) produces relaseing and inhibiting hormones, (5) has a vascular connection with the hypothalamus known as the hypophyseal portal system.

A. 1,2, and 4

B. 2,3,4, and 5

C. 2,3, and 5

D. 1,2,3,4, and 5

E. 2,4, and 5

The class of adrenal gland hormones that provides resistance to stress, produces anti-inflammatory effects, and promotes normal metabolism to ensure adequate quantities of ATP is

A. Glucocorticoids

B. Mineralocorticoids

C. Androgens

D. Catecholamines

E. Gonadocorticoids

Hormones (1) generally utilize negative feedback mechanisms to regulate their secretion; (2) will only affect target cells far removed from the hormone-producing secretory cells; (3) must bind to transport proteins in order to circulate in the blood; (4) may be released in low concentrations by can produce large effects in the target tissue by controlling the number of receptor sites for the hormone.

A. 1,2, and 3

B. 1,2,4, and 5

C. 2,3, and 4

D. 2,3,4, and 5

E. 1,4, and 5