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Functional Groups
These are five chemical groups that affect a molecule's function by participating in chemical reactions in characteristic ways.
6
Biochemistry
10th Grade
10/19/2011

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Term
Hydroxyl Group
Definition

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-OH a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to the carbon skeleton

Term
Carbonyl Group
Definition
C=O a carbon atom is linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom.
Term
Carboxyl Group
Definition

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-COOH a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen and also bonded to to a hydroxl group (a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen)

Term
Amino Group
Definition

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-NH2 A Nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms

Term
Phosphate Group
Definition

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-OPO32- A phosphorus atom bonded to 4 oxygen atoms with 1 double bond

Term
Methyl Group
Definition

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-CH3 A carbon bonded to 3 hydrogen atoms.

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