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Fruit Morphology
Anatomy/functions of fruit
14
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/16/2010

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Term
pericarp
Definition
Ripened ovary wall; made of exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp
Term
Simple Fruit
Definition
from a flower with one carpel or multiple carples fused together
Term
Aggregate Fruit
Definition
Ripened ovaries in one flower with numerous simple carpels. The ripened ovaries from that one flower coalesce into one larger unit. (raspberry)
Term
Multiple Fruit
Definition
The ripened ovaries from the multiple flowers coalesce into one unit.  (Pineapple)
Term
Drupe
Definition
A stone fruit, derived from a single carpel and containing (usually) one seed. The exocarp is a thin skin, the mesocarp may be fleshy and the endocarp is hard (ie "stony"). (Peach)
Term
Berry
Definition
A simple fruit from a flower with a superior ovary with a fleshy pericarp and many seeds. A tomato is a berry, a grape is a berry, but a raspberry is not.
Term
Hesperidium
Definition
Numerous fused carpels instead of just one. Each of the section represents one carpel. The carpels are packed with fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized trichomes. The carpels are surrounded by a tough, leathery exocarp. (Orange)
Term
Legume
Definition
Dry fruit made up of a single, folded carpel, multi-seeded, dehiscent along two sutures. (peanut)
Term
Capsule
Definition
A dry, dehiscent fruit made up of several fused carpels (poppy).
Term
Caryposis
Definition
A fruit from one carpel containing a single seed. The pericarp is fused to the seed; indehiscent. (corn kernel)
Term
Achene
Definition
Like the caryopsis (one seed per fruit) but the seed threshes is free of the pericarp; indehiscent (sunflower seed; avacado)
Term
Hypanthium
Definition
Fused flower parts (receptacle and the petals, sepals, and stamens) which grow into fruit parts; creates 'accessory fruits'
Term
Pome
Definition
accessory fruit where the ovary wall forms the core in the center (apple)
Term
Pepo
Definition
fused ovary/receptacle tissue forms a leathery or hard rind (the exocarp) (Squash)
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