Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "I think, therefore, I am." |
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Definition
| Described the human circulatory system |
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Definition
| laws of motion and gravitation |
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Definition
| challenged Ptolemy's geocentric theory |
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Definition
| used math to test Copernicus' theory |
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Definition
| identified cells in living matter |
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Definition
| founder of modern chemistry |
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Definition
| published "Dialogue on the two Great Systems of the world" |
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Definition
| he pioneered the study of anatomy |
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Term
| Where did Amerigo Vespucci sail? |
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Definition
| to America; he questioned Columbus landing in Asia and stated that it was in fact not Asia, but instead a new undiscovered land, America was also named after him |
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Term
| Where did Vasco Nunez de Balboa sail? |
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Definition
| crossed the Isthmus of Panama and reached the South Sea |
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Term
| where did Ferdinand Magellan sail? |
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Definition
| crossed the Atlantic Ocean and into South America and discovered the Pacific Ocean |
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Term
| Where did Juan Sebastian de Elanco sail? |
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Definition
| led Magellan's crew and sailed the ship back to Spain after Magellan died |
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Term
| where did Juan Ponce de Leon sail? |
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Definition
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Term
| where did Nunez cabeza de Vaca sail? |
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Definition
| explored the southern coast of North America, the southwest, and Mexico |
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Term
| Where did Hernan Cortes sail? |
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Definition
| sailed to the Yucatan Peninsula, and traveled to Mexico |
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Term
| where did Franciso Pizaro sail? |
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Definition
| he sailed to south america |
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Term
| Where did Bartholomeu Dias sail? |
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Definition
| he sailed around the cape of good hope around the southern tip of Africa |
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Term
| where did Vasco de Gama sail? |
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Definition
| across the Indian Ocean and into India |
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Term
| The Treaty of Tordesillas |
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Definition
| The treaty that moved the border line drawn by Pope Alexander VI further west |
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Term
| the passage of history through songs, poems, and stories |
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Definition
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Term
| through whom a matrilineal society traces one's heritage and transfers one's property |
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Definition
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Term
| where ancient sub-saharan people generally lived |
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Definition
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Term
| whether or not ancient sub-saharan people believed in only one god |
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Definition
| they were polytheistic; they believed in many gods |
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Term
| what gold was often traded for in Saharan Africa |
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Definition
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Term
| from which historic era the renaissance developed |
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Definition
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Term
| from what country the renaissance first originated |
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Definition
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Term
| the general philosophy of life the renaissance promoted |
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Definition
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Term
| the names of the two families in england that were at odds with one another |
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Definition
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Term
| the two armies that joined together to fight the Muslims in the second crusade |
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Definition
| France and Holy Roman Empire(Germany) |
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Term
| the two branches of the French Royal family that began to fight with each other during the 100 years' war |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the agreement that allowed German rulers to choose the religion for their respective state |
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Definition
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Term
| The people group that emerged as the dominant force in central Mexico, who are considered the forerunners of modern Mexicans |
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Definition
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Term
| THe people group known as the "children of the sun" who occupied modern day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile |
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Definition
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Term
| What were calvinists in France known as |
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Definition
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Term
| what contributed to the emergence of the Renaissance |
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Definition
| trade routes, Roman empire ruins, Byzantine scholars, Crusades |
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Term
| what contributed to the decline of Kiev |
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Definition
| Kievan princes fighting amongst themselves, Italian trade routes, Polovstian raids |
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Term
| which of the Germanic tribes became the most influential |
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Definition
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Term
| Why Charlemagne's empire collapsed |
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Definition
| his successors were weak leaders |
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Term
| what change king William made to the feudal system after assuming the throne of England |
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Definition
| he took power away from the nobles by establishing fiefs directly with the common people |
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Term
| what King Philip IV of France did to anger Pope Boniface VIII |
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Definition
| demanded the Catholic Clergy to be taxed |
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Term
| what is true about Charlemagne |
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Definition
| he was religious, intelligent, he united most of Europe, and he was known as emperor of the Romans |
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Term
| the people group led by its military class who invaded central Mexico and built pyramid shaped buildings |
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Definition
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Term
| the agreement that was signed establishing the Pope as having spiritual authority and the king as having political authority |
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Definition
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Term
| who were the first to begin questioning the Catholic Church at the beginning of the era known as the reformation |
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Definition
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Term
| who the first European was to use movable type for printing |
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Definition
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Term
| what the study of grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and history were called |
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Definition
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Term
| a phrase that best describes the period known as the "renaissance" |
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Definition
| rebirth, a season of new beginnings |
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Term
| whether or not the arts became an important way of communicating ideals during the Renaissance |
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Definition
| yes, the arts were very important |
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Term
| the two primary countries of the "Holy Roman Empire" and the "Roman Empire" that never united |
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Definition
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Term
| why the king of england decided to separate the country from the Catholic Church |
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Definition
| so he could divorce his wife |
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Term
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Definition
| meeting of the Holy Roman Empire where Martin Luther was restrained |
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Term
| what women could not bear a son for the king of England |
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Definition
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Term
| the new church formed in England as a result of the break away form the Catholic Church |
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Definition
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Term
| who ultimately gave the king of England the right to divorce his wife |
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Definition
| himself; the king of England |
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Term
| whether of not a type of "reformation" began in England long before Martin Luther's reforms in Germany |
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Definition
| yes, there had been previous reformations |
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Term
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Definition
| when a country exports more goods than it imports to increase wealth of the nation in order to improve the standard of living |
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Term
| the technological advances of the Age of Exploration |
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Definition
| maps, ship building, astrolabe, and compass |
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Term
| who the founder of the Jesuits was |
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Definition
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Term
| What Pope started the Catholic Reformation |
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Definition
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Term
| who came from France to continue the work of the reformation in Switzerland after Vicar of Zurich |
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Definition
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Term
| what authority Protestantism is based upon |
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Definition
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Term
| did Calvinism or Arminianism believe in pre destination |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| two Popes existed in a divided papacy, one in France, the other in Italy |
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Term
| the name of a very advanced culture that occupied the Yucatan peninsula |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the document King John was forced to sign in response to what his actions that changed England forever |
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Definition
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Term
| What the Catholic Church would issue that would shut down all churches and church services in a particular area |
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Definition
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Term
| what the Kievan economy was primarily based upon |
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Definition
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Term
| what caused the Christian Church to finally split in 1054 |
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Definition
| the Pope's declaration that iconoclasts were heretics |
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Term
| the Triangular trade system |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the second phase in the triangular trade system? |
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Definition
| European ships brought slaves to America |
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Term
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Definition
| interaction between the so-called old and new worlds |
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Term
| the importance of colonies in mercantilism |
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Definition
| they often had raw materials that was not grown in the home nation |
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Term
| in the guild system, what a person could be called after he completed the second stage of training |
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Definition
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Term
| what groups were involved in the Third Crusade |
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Definition
| Holy Roman Empire, arab-Muslims led by Salah-al Din, French, and English |
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Term
| What significant problem was encountered after the anglo-saxons defeated the Vikings and Edward the Confessor became the King of England |
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Definition
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Term
| Why the Catholic Church had so much power during the Middle Ages |
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Definition
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Term
| the civilization in Africa that became an important center of Christianity for 400 years |
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Definition
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Term
| What influence Pagans and Muslims had on weakening the Catholic Church |
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Definition
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Term
| the Social-economic system that came about after the collapse of Charlemagne's empire |
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Definition
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Term
| what the Russians called Moscow after the defeat of the Mongols |
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Definition
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Term
| What Russian ruler finally overthrew the mongols |
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Definition
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Term
| Why Vladimir I chose Eastern Orthodox Christianity over Roman Catholicism and Islam for himself and his nation |
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Definition
| alcohol, anna, and his envoys chose it |
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Term
| what dominated Kievan culture |
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Definition
| religion and religious themes |
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Term
| what an opinion that conflicted with official Church doctrine and teaching were called |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| holy pictures that were used as a focus of worship |
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Term
| what the primary leaders of the Christian Church were called |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the capital new capital city formed as a result of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
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Definition
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Term
| what kingdoms were established in britian after the anglo-saxons invaded it |
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Definition
| northumbria, mercia, wessex |
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Term
| What started the Hundred years' war between England and France |
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Definition
| King Edward III of England claimed French property |
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Term
| the name of the contract between a lord and a vassal |
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Definition
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Term
| who received a grant from someone else in the feudal system |
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Definition
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Term
| who granted land to someone else in the feudal system |
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Definition
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Term
| who started conflict that eventually led to the crusades |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the action taken by the church against heresy |
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Definition
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Term
| who the Pope sent to northern Germany in search of resources for his project |
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Definition
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Term
| the earliest known culture (people group) in Mexico, who left eight very large stone heads made of basalt form mines 50 miles away |
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Definition
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Term
| what englishman began to question the wealth and immortality of the Catholic clergy, and eventually translated the Bible from Latin to English |
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Definition
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Term
| Why it was so difficult for the Holy Roman Empire to maintain power |
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Definition
| with so many Germanic tribes the position was designed for more prestige than power and control |
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Term
| the English dynasty that was begun as a result of the family wars in England |
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Definition
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Term
| why trade nearly died out in western Europe during the age of feudalism |
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Definition
| manors were self-sufficient |
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Term
| what occurred as a result of the Crusade |
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Definition
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Term
| who won the third Crusade |
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Definition
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Term
| What project the Pope commissioned to distract people from those who were criticizing the church |
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Definition
| rebuild st. peters basilica |
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Term
| the eventual victor of the second crusade |
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Definition
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Term
| why Christians warriors were called "crusaders" |
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Definition
| the crusaders wore crossed on their clothing. the latin word cruciata means marked with a cross |
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Term
| who asked the Pope for help against Muslim invaders |
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Definition
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Term
| the difference between the "Roman Empire" and the "Holy Roman Empire" |
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Definition
| Roman empire is Italy, and Holy Roman Empire is Germany |
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Term
| who invaded Constantinople and the Holy Land, which in turn resulted in the First Crusade |
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Definition
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Term
| what king John did that changed England forever |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the three kingdoms in great Britain became the most influential |
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Definition
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Term
| How the Habsburg family affected the Holy Roman Empire |
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Definition
| they were emperors and they created the Habsburg monarchy |
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Term
| the name of the vast areas of relatively dry grasslands dotted with a few trees and bushes |
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Definition
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Term
| the group of closely related languages that spread across central and southern Africa |
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Definition
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Term
| what contributed to the revival of trade in northern Europe |
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Definition
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Term
| why did trade begin to revive in Italy |
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Definition
| the church kept feudalism from completely taking root and italy was geographically awesome because it is surrounded by water |
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Term
| what the markets were called that were designed to meet the increasing demand for good from other areas of Europe and Asia |
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Definition
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Term
| what animals were the carries of the diseases that caused the Black Death during the Middle Ages |
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Definition
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Term
| what traveling poets and singers were called during the Middle Ages |
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Definition
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Term
| why the desire for education increased in the Middle Ages |
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Definition
| they wanted to learn how to read and write on their own |
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Term
| what caused independent nations and states to rise up in Europe after the decline of feudalism |
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Definition
| kings started to build up kingdoms |
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Term
| what the king of England needed most to sustain his war with France |
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Definition
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Term
| the means by which the king of England could get what he needed to sustain his war with France |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the 16-year-old girl who claimed to hear form God that she was to defend the city named after her branch of the royal family |
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Definition
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Term
| What Martin Luther did when Johann Tetzel started to sell indulgences |
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Definition
| posted his protests on the church doors |
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Term
| the popes response to the 95 theses |
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Definition
| excommunication of Martin Luther |
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Term
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Definition
| Martin Luther's list of grievances against the Catholic Church |
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Term
| who banished Martin Luther from the Holy Roman Empire |
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Definition
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Term
| How Johann Tetzel secured the money for the Pope's project |
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Definition
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Term
| the influence of the Hohenzollerns |
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Definition
| to seek more power and influence in Europe |
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Term
| What factors contributed to Russia's isolation form western Europe |
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Definition
| mongol domination,western civilization from Constantinople, Eastern Orthodox Religion, Cyrillic alphabet, landlocked |
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Term
| where Louis XIV built his palace |
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Definition
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