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French Revolution and Napoleon
C 18
30
History
10th Grade
01/07/2014

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Cards

Term
Acien regime
Definition
old order
Term
estate
Definition
social class
Term
First Estate
Definition
the clergy
Term
Second Estate
Definition
nobility
Term
Third Estate
Definition
the rest of the population not including the nobility and clergy
Term
bourgeoisie
Definition
the middle class (part of the Third Estate)
Term
deficit spending
Definition
government spending more than it takes in in taxes and fees
Term
Louis XVI
Definition
King of France (23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791, after which he was subsequently King of the French from 1791 to 1792, before his deposition and execution during the French Revolution.
Term
Jacques Necker
Definition
financial advisor to Louis XVI. Proposed taxing the First and Second Estates and abolishing internal tariffs.
Term
Estates General
Definition
Legislative Body consisting of members of all three Estates. The Estates General had not met for 175 years.
Term
cahiers
Definition
a notebook listing the grievances of the individual Estates. Each Estate created their own notebook.
Term
Tennis Court Oath
Definition
An agreement by members of the Third Estate to meet as necessary until a sound and just constitution is established
Term
Bastille
Definition
medieval fortress used to house political prisoners. French populace rose up and overthrew the soldiers at the fortress starting the French Revolution.
Term
faction
Definition
dissenting groups of people
Term
Marquis de Lafayette
Definition
Headed National Guard, colleague of George Washington during American Revolution
Term
Olympe de Gouges
Definition
female journalist, Author of Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen
Term
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Definition
Document proclaiming that ALL men were equal before the law. Modeled, in part, on the Declaration of Independence.
Term
Marie Antoinette
Definition
Wife of Louis XVI, Queen of France, daughter of Maria Theresa of Austria. Led a life of great pleasure at Versailles
Term
National Assembly
Definition
1789-1791, government that turned France into a constitutional monarchy.
Term
Paris Commune
Definition
Replaced the royalist government of Paris. Beginning of the radical influence of the French Revolution.
Term
Reign of Terror
Definition
1792-1794, a period of escalating violence led to the end of the monarchy.
Term
the Directory
Definition
1795-1799, a reaction to the extremism of the radical Reign of Terror
Term
Age of Napoleon
Definition
1799-1815, a period of consolidation of many revolutionary changes.
Term
emigre
Definition
nobles, clergy and others who fled France and its revolutionary changes
Term
sans-culottes
Definition
a group of working class men and women who pushed the revolution into more radical action.
Term
republic
Definition
a government ruled by elected representatives
Term
Jacobins
Definition
a political club made of lawyers and intellectuals who used media to promote the idea of the republic
Term
suffrage
Definition
the right to vote
Term
Maximilien Robespierre
Definition
counterrevolutionary who embraced Rousseau's idea of general will being the source of legitimate law.
Term
Reign of Terror (II)
Definition
Led by Robespierre, arrested hundreds of thousands. Tens of thousands tried and executed by guillotine
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