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| A social and political sturcture with the king at the top and three estates underneath him |
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| a very shy and indesicive king. did not care for the revolution and would soon pay his head for it |
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| the queen of France (Louis' wife) who was originally from Austria (a main rival of France), she was married young and was very proud. she loved showing off her wealth and spent the peoples taxes on extravagant parties and clothing |
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| this was made up of the Roman Catholic clergy men. out of the 27-28 million people in France, this made up about only 130,000 of that population. they ownde 10% of the land and paid no taxes (very priviliged) |
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| controlled a lot of government and military power. this was made mostly of the nobility and they also paid no taxes. they owned 25% of the land and because of their wealth they were very influential on King Louis |
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| this made up about 98% of France, they were very poor and mostly depended on bread (ate about 2lbs a day). they had no role in the government and had 26.5 million people. they paid 100% of the taxes |
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| upper class of the 3rd estate; middle class people who were highly educated and rich. possible careers could have included doctors, lawyers, or factory owners. these people were one of the main driving forces of the french revolution |
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"without knee breeches"
these were workers with some skills, under the bourgeoisie but above the peasents. these were the people who wetn after the King and Queen |
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| a swiss born financial expert for Louis in the late 1780's. he was fired because the 1st and 2nd estate thought he was too kind to the 3rd estate. this was a main factor in rallying the 3rd estae and testing their anger |
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| Louis called them becasuae he was feeeling incresed pressure from the 3rd estate. they had not been called for 175 years before that and it was part of the French Legislature |
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| entirely made up of the 3rd estate; made their own legislature becasue they decided to break away from the Estates General |
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| in June 1789 the 3rd estate found an indoor tennis (handball) court and took an oath not to leave until they created a new constitution with equal rights for men (not women) in the 3rd estate (ideas from the enlightenment) the document they created was called the Declaration of the rights of man and of the Citizen. this was all caused because the 3rd estates representative was not allowed in the court room |
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July 14, 1789
killed everybody in the bastille (a prison) tore it down brick by brick symbolizing that things must change
this is the French version of independence day |
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| one faction of the national convention, behind a lot of executions, support came from lower middle class and poor people, they wanted King Louis' head |
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| they were moderates (not extreme for either side), generally suppported constitutional monarchy, and most were killed for not being extreme enough |
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| made up of swing voters (supported the 'winning' or strongest ideas) and they initially supported the Girondins but later switched to the Mountains |
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| an agitator who was very popular with the 3rd estate; he was a comprimisor and was until the day he died. part of the bourgeoisie and was a lawyer. he was executed in 1794 becaseu he wasn't radical (extreme) enough |
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REIGN OF TERROR!!!
often called the incorruptable (mountain) and the tyrant (girondin). counterrevoulutionaries killed him because he was too extreme in 1794 |
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| from an island of the coast of France called Corsica, was an incredible leader, very desicive, ametuer on nval warfare, and he was a very innovative military strategist |
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| trapped Napoleon and his army/navy in Egypt at The Battle of the Nile |
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| promoted individual rights, laws uniform across countries, eliminate injustices, and this only applied to men (had authority over their wives) |
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| in order to weaken their greates enemy, Great Britain, Napoleon placed this system; France and any allied countries couldn't trade with Britain (this worked for a while but eventually caught up on him) |
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VERY IMPORTANT
a sense of identity and unity as a whole (people) |
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Elba; napoleons first place of exile, a small island near corsica that he escaped form
Saint Helena; napoleons second exile, a tiny island off the coast of africa where napoleon died at the age of 51 |
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| 1815: Belgium: it was napoleons last battle, against the Duke of Wellignton, and napoleon lost greatly |
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