Insanity is legal term, only used in courtroom.

If you ask psychologist if you are insane he won't be able to answe you, we don't know what normal psychology is

Diathesis-Stress Model

Fear of open places

(from which escape may be difficult)

Some people cannot even leave their bedroom 

Unwanted repetitive thoughts

(violence, contamination, self-doubt)

Mother has haunting thoughts of drowning her baby girl, she almost committed suicide because of thoughts  

Repetitive actions designed to get rid of the obsessions

(counting, washing obssesively)

When he was a kid his mother caught him masturbating, made him feel horrible for it, told him how completely dirty he was, so every time after he would masturbate or have sex he would have to scrub his hands, member, and anything else involved, very OCD about 

During WWII Posttraumatic Stress Disorder was called SHELL SHOCK

 General Patton going to military hospitals, saw sholdiers who looked like nothing was wrong with them, was told they had shell shock, Patton freaked out slapped the kid. Alot of military didn't believe it was a real disorder 

Somatization Disorder

(Hypochondriasis) 

When people fake a disorder to get attention

People will make someone else sick to get attention

Parents will do something to their kids to get attention, women took little baby and would feed him his own poop, would rush him to hospital and would "bask" in attention

EMINEM  

Conversion Disorder

(Hysteria) 

Pseudo-organic bodily disorders --> paralysis, loss of sensory functions or chronic pain, false pregnancy or seizures

• Predominately femalse disorder, but both get it
• No psyiological reason why they would have the symptoms  
• Happens in reaction to trauma 
• Little boy witnessed homocide, became temporarily blind after because of such high trauma

Dramatic disruption or dissociation in a person's memory, identity or consciousness

Occurs after traumatic experience, person fragments, dissociate, cut themselves off from world or own sense of identity  

Sudden loss of memory produced by intolerable phychological trauma

Most commone type 

Dissociative Fugue

Sudden loss of memory and the assumptions of new identity in a new locale

Story of police officer disappearing, someone recognized him in a different state a few months later, he did not remember anything of his old life  

Dissociative reaction involving the development of two or more independent personalities in the same individual

Fragments of personality, not fully developed personalities

Ann Reynolds first case 1809

Co consciouss personality 

Characterized by prolonged periods of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness and lethargy

May not even be able to drag themselves out of bed

Sleep too much or too little

Overeating or failure to eat

Bipolar Affective Disorder

(Manic Depression) 

Person alters between two emotional extremes (poles) of mania and depression

Alternate with periods of "normal" activity  

Mania

Overactive, excited emotional state

Alternate with periods of "normal" activity 

Personality disorder involving lack of ethical or moral development

(Psychopath, Sociopath) 

• lack of anxiety, guilt or morality. They feel no sense of remorse about lying
• Irresponsible and impulsive behavior
• Socially impressive and charming, smart people
• Extreme rejection of authority
• Difficulty in maintaining interpersonal relations
• Lack of Identity "chameleon"

Disturbance in Language and communications skills

Disturbance in cognition and perception

Belief that one is being mistreated or examined by an anatagonistic force

(type of delusion) 

• Catatonic Type
• Undifferentiated Type
• Paranoid Type
• Disorganized Type
• Residual Type  

Marked by infantile behavior and postures and unrelated delusions and hallucinations

Child like behavior, climb on psychologist lap

Poor hygiene

Incoherant Speech

Ritual Movements 

Marked by extreme excitement or extreme withdrawal from the world

In withdrawal tendency to remain motionless

In excitment talk or shout incoherently, pace rapidly

May be dangerous 

Total motor immobility with "waxy flexibility"

Totally immobile, will stay in one position for hours or days  

Behavior and cognition arise from unconscious drives and impulse that stem from childhood confllicts

Freud

Structure of the Psych 

A very irrational, unconscious part of our personality

Creature of the moment, no sense of the past, no sense of the future

Operates of pleasure principle, seeks constant pleasure

Unconscious and irrational 

Rational component that mediates between Id and society

Conscious and rational, balancing act between Id and Society

Operates on reality principle, could not have civilization without Ego  

Irrational component that drives a person toward perfection

Operates on morality principle (superiority principle)

Woman argued about question on test for 15 minutes even though she got a 98% on the test  

Strategies that reduce neurotic and moral anxiety  

Repression

Rationalization

Displacement

Sublimination

Projection

Holding of traumatic memories in the unconscious rather than the conscious mind

Something is so painful you push it into your unconscious

Cases of kids that have been sexually abused forget about the abuse until something clicks one day and they remember

Transfer of anxiety from threatening object to nonthreatening substitute

Punch Wall 

Conversion of sexual goal into non-sexual socially acceptable goal

If someone pours themselves into their work Freud would think they weren't being satisfied sexually 

Attribution of personal anxiety to other people or situations

Woman was having thoughts of having an affair with someone at work, ego stepped in and said no, so she projected the thought onto her husband accusing him of having an affair with his secretary 

Attempt to "explain away" anxiety by providing logical (but false) rationalizations for shortcomings

Got dumped by someone "I'm so much better off without that person" 

Converting an undesirable impulse into an opposite behavior

You want one thing but you do the exact opposite

The bigger the reaction the more suspicious you should be about the person, a person doesn't like gays, goes over the top with outrage 

Did not like Freud model, they treat people like they're sick and they need to be cured

Emphasis on client's inherent potential for sulf-fulfillment, they want to be better they just don't know how  

Client chooses the direction of the therapy (not the therapist)

Client takes responsibility for personal feelings and actions --> "Persons Centered Therapy"

Emphasis on present rather than past  

Attitude of caring and acceptance for client as a valued person

Most kids raised with conditional positive regard, as long as you do the right thing I will love you