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- Born in the Greek city of Syracuse.
- Killed by a Roman soldier in his study.
- He created war machine for defence of Syracuse.
- Lived between 287-212 B.C.E.
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- Semetic speaking people.
- Located North Mesopotamia
- They had a well organaized military. Expert at siege warfare.
- Defeated 612 B.C.E. by the Babylonians
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- Sumerian form of writing.
- Written on clay tablets.
- Writing was wedge shaped.
- A stylus was used for writing on clay tablets.
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- Founder of the Achaemenid Empire.
- He created the first largest ("world") empire.
- He did not slaughter or enslave the people he conquered, but united them.
- He let more then 40,000 Jews return to their homeland.
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- System of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus.
- Rejected the believe in a afterlife.
- Purpose of life is peace of mind, happiness and pleasure.
- Rejected the superstitious fear of the gods.
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- Most famous Sumerian literature.
- The story tells about the strongest and most powerful man.
- Gilgamesh is part god, part human.
- He goes on a search for eternal life and fails.
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- Lived with Pericles, leader of democratic Athens.
- Their relationship causes a scandal, he left his wife and kids.
- Spiteful rummers followed her life, thought to be a prostitute.
- Upseted Athenina traditionalist because Pericles consulted with her, and women were not meant to be treated equally.
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- Number of trade routes connecting China and Eastern Europe.
- The road got it's name from China selling it's silk to the rest of the world.
- most people traveled on camels and in caravans.
- Marco Polo is thought to have traveled along the Silk Road.
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- They believed powerful gods could control what happend to you.
- You could control the gods through sacrifice, prayer, and living a good life.
- Zeus was the king of the gods.
- Greeks had no sacred book such as the bible.
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- Warlike People.
- USed bronze weapopns thought to be the first people to use iron weapons.
- They used chariots for warfare.
- Rivalry with the Egyptians after several years signed a peace treaty and mutual defence.
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- Means "rulers of the uplands"
- Settle in the Nile Delta
- Brought Egypt into the Bronze Age;...
- Came to worship Egyptian gods and modeled their monarchy on the pharonic system.
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- Laws included religion, business, slavery
- Law differed according to social status and gender.
- Once a verdict is rendered a judge could not change it.
- The code demanded that the punishment fit the crime. "an eye for an eye"
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- A culture located on Crete around 1650 B.C.E.
- Named after the mythical king Minos.
- The minoans created a script called Linear A.
- Linear A is still not deciphered.
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- King and his warrior aristocracy stood at the top of society.
- Bottom of society contained male and female slaves normally owned by the king and aristocrats.
- Palace scribes kept records in Greek with a script known as Linear B, derived from Minoans Linear A.
- The fall of the Mycenaean kingdoms ushered in a period called the "Dark Ages"
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- Socrates Student.
- Founded the philosophical school called The Academy.
- Believed that it was the highest duty to educate people to teach a higher good.
- Developed a theory of two worlds. The impermanent: changing world that we know through our senses. The eternal: uninchanging realm of "forms" that constitute the essence of true reality.
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- A female Poet.
- Lived on the island of "Lesbos"
- An english word lesbian is derived by Sappho's home island of Lesbos.
- Poems indicated the sex was complicated in Ancient Greece.
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- A revolutionary philosopher in the Ancient World.
- Had a student named Plato.
- Known for Socratic Dialogue, a process of continues questioning rather than lecturing.
- Socrates was brought to trial, and executed on the ground of corruping the youth of the city and creating new gods.
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- Father was King David of Bethlehem.
- Created the nation of Israel out of a collection of tribes ruled by a king.
- Dedicate the temple in grand style to house the Ark of the Covenant.
- Belived in the Hebrew God, Yahweh.
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- A Hellenistic Philosophy.
- Stoicism was created by Zeno, a philosopher from Cyprus.
- Taught that people should participate in political and worldly affairs.
- The Stoics created a concept of Natural Law;"all men were brothers and were in harmony with the universe, on law -part of the natural order of life-governed them all"
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- A preacher originally named Zarathustra.
- Zoroaster taught that life is a constant battle ground for the two opposing forces of good and evil.
- Preached that last judgment led to heaven or hell.
- Zoroastrianism supposedly influenced liberal JUdaism, Christianity, and early Islam.
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