Term
| 3 different types of shoeprints |
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Definition
1. 3-d impression(made in soft material (snow/dirt), requires making a cast, composition of dirt/snow determines detail of print)
2. Visible 2-D print (dirt or oth material picked up by shoe and deposited onto flat, hard surface; variety of surfaces/materials deposited makes recovery of these prints complex)
3. Latent 2-D print (can leave behind barely visible dust, or an impression in polish/wax/dust) |
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Term
| how are shoeprints evidence? |
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Definition
-most suspects wear shoes
-sp's are always left, they just need to be located and differentiated |
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Term
| analysis of footwear evidence |
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Definition
-class characteristics (size, pattern)
-individ characteristics (can be used to identify exact shoe; however, this pattern can change over time) |
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Term
| What are tire impressions/tracks? |
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Definition
-Are the related dimensions of the 4 plus wheels
-the thread design and dimensions of a tire |
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Term
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Definition
1. Original Equipment (OE) tires (sold on new cars, 1000's of cars have same brand/size
2. Replacement tires (usually diff than OE tires, used to replace worn tires) |
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Term
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Definition
1.Grooves (around a tire)
2.Slots (across a tire)
3.Sipe (small grooves)
4.Tread wear indicator (raised bar under design; shows after wear) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Width(measured from right center to left center; width of front and rear tires not always the same)
2. Wheelbase(measured from front center to back center)
3. Turning diameter (diameter of a circle made when the wheels are fully turned) |
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Term
| Recovery of tire evidence |
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Definition
-made of 3-D impressions,
-long, 3 ft sections should be cast (to get a better idea of imperfections)
-use dental stone
-Class characteristics (size, tread design, some wear marks) can be used to eliminate tires or suggest a tire could've made the track |
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Term
| Forensic anthropology def |
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Definition
| The application of the science of physical anthropology to the legal process. The ID of skeletal, badly decomposed, or otherwise unidentified human remains is important for both legal and humanitarian reasons |
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Term
| Forensic anthropologists aka... |
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Definition
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Term
| Specific capabilities of an effective forensic anthropologist |
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Definition
1.Sex determination (pelvic dimensions,is there pelvic striae [kids], morphology of bones [robust=male, fine=female])
2.Racial characteristics(eye sockets, nasal bone, skull shape, teeth[shoveling], chin shape)
3.Aging (skull suture obliteration, dental/joint wear, skeletal disease)
4.Individ characteristics (facial reconstruction, dimensional measurements, disease/injury morphology) |
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Term
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Definition
adult= 206 bones
baby= 270 bones
longest bone= femur
smallest bone= stapes
skeleton consists of 2 groups:
1. axial=torso
2. appendicular=limbs |
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Term
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Definition
-Father of modern forensic anthropology
-Founder of "Body Farm"
-Wrote "Human Osteology" |
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Term
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Definition
-Famous for the term "Osteobiography"
-RFK & JFK cases
-Latin American mass graves |
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Term
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Definition
-maxilla (between nose and top lip)
-mandible (jaw)
-Hard pallet (front part of roof of mouth)
-Soft pallet(back part of roof of mouth)
-Tongue |
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Term
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Definition
-Molars (1st, 2nd, 3rd[molars])
-Bicuspids (1st, 2nd)
-Canines (cuspids)
-Lateral incisors
-Central incisors |
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Term
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Definition
-32
-by age 12, all teeth will @ least have began to erupt |
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Term
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Definition
-20
-deciduous or "milk teeth" |
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Term
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Definition
1.enamel
2.dentine
3.pulp
4.cementum |
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Term
| American teeth #'ing system |
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Definition
1=top right molar
32=bottom right molar
*(even if not present) |
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Term
| Why is dentition essential to ID? |
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Definition
1.Teeth have multiple planes of ID
2.Most people have ante-mortem records
3.Most people have specific oral pathology (cavities)
4.Teeth endure when all other anatomical elements are gone |
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Term
| When do investigators have a need for forensic odontologists? |
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Definition
-Unidentified subjects
-Bite mark assessment |
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Term
| What type of unidentified persons cases do forensic odontologists commonly become involved w? |
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Definition
-Fire deaths
-Severe disfigurement
-Severely decomposed
-Mass fatalities
-Need for DNA extraction |
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Term
| Once the forensic odontologist has been requested, what will they be doing? |
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Definition
-Initial consultation w M.E/coroner
-Review of pertinent data
-Assessment of dental remains after autopsy
-Detailed charting, photography, and imaging of dentition
-Specific request for suspected ante-mortem dental charts and x-rays
-Comparison of ante- and post-mortem data |
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Term
| Once the forensic odontologist has been requested, what will they be doing? |
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Definition
-Initial brief regarding the case by investigators
-Overall exam and assessment of questioned area
-Detailed sketching and diagramming of questioned area
-Various color and light enhancement photography
-Take swabs if needed
-Preparing of cast or mold of questioned dentition |
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