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| Any change in the velocity of an object. If the object moves faster, or slower, or changes directions, it has accelerated. Acceleration is the change in velocity per second. |
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| A device for detecting and measuring acceleration; it indicates zero when it is stationary or moving at constant velocity. |
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| A greek mathematician , physicist, and inventor. Archimde |
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| A greek mathematician , physicist, and inventor. Archimde |
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| A Greek philosopher, pupil of Plato, and tutor of Alexander the Great. Aritotle saw the importance of careful observation and detailed classification, which are parts of the scientific method. |
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| An instrument used to compare masses, traditionally with tow equal pans. Known masses are palced in one pan to balance an object in the other pan. |
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| The apparent loss of weight of a body partly or completely immersed in a fluid, due to the wieght of fluid displaced by the object. |
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| Directed towards the center, for example the force requeired to keep an obeject moving in a circular path or orbit. |
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| Slwoing down, braking, or negatice acceleration. |
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| The mass of an object divided by its volume. The amount of matter (mass) in a unit volume of a material: for example, the density of gold is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter. |
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| The quanity plotted on the vertical axis of a graph, which depends on the value of the (independent) variable on the horizontal axis. |
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| A situation in which the resultant force on a obejct is zero. The object is at rest or moving at constant velocity in a straight line. |
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| A situation in which the resultant force on a object is zero. The obejct is at terst or moving at constant velocity in a straight line. |
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| Any liquid, gas, or powdered material, which flows, and lacks a derinite shape. |
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| When applied to an object, a force tends to make the object move, change the motion of the obejct, or change its shape. Forces are measured in newtons and are vectors. |
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| The force that resists sliding motion between two surfaces in contact. Vehicles moving trhough air experience friciton, commonly called air resistnace or drag. |
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| The floce of attraction between objects, which increases as the mass of the objects increases but decreases as the separation of the objects increases. |
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| The quantity plotted on the horizontal axis of a graph; for example, time is a common independent variable. |
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| The tendency of an object to remain at rest (stationary) or to continue moving in a straight line at constant speed. Inertia increases as the mass of the object increases. |
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| The SI unit of mass; 1000 grams; approximately 2.2 pounds. Written as "kilogram" symbol "kg" |
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| is the amount of substnace in an object, is fixed, and measured in grams and kilograms,. The mass of any object is independent of the location of the object. |
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| The SI unit of length; equal to 39.37 inches (US) Written as "meter", symbol"m". |
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| A moving object has mass and a velocity in a certian direction. Momentum can be calculated by multiplying mass times velocity. To change the momentum of an object, a force must act on it. Momentum is a vector because its direction is as important as its magnitude. |
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| The SI unit of force, written as "newton" symbol "N". This is the force that makes a one kilgram mass accelerate at one meter per second per second. |
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| (1642-1727) English mathematician and physicist who studied motion, gravity, optics, and the orbits of the planets. His laws of motion an theory of gravitation were set out in a famous book, the Principia. |
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| An object remains at rest or continues to to moce in a straight line at constant velocity, unless it is acted on by an external force. |
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| The acceleration of an object is proportional to the applied force and takes place inthe direction of the force. The accerleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the object: for example heavier objects accerlerate more slowly. |
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| Actiona nd reaction are equal and opposite. The weight of an object presses on the floor, the floor provides a reaction force on the object equal to the object's weight. |
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| The path of a planet aroudn the Sun, or of a moon around a planet, or of a satellite around the Earth. The path may be circular or elliptical. The orbit is maintained by the force of gravity and the speed of the body in its orbit. |
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| The equal and opposite force that arises when a force is applied to anobject or system. The weight of a building is supported by the reaction of the ground. |
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| The single force that is equivalent to the sum of the separate forces acting on an object. |
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| Systeme International d'Unites; the international system of scientific untis of measurement. |
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| The distance a moving object covers in unit time; for example five centimeters per second, 20 miles per hour; the rate of movement. |
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| A device containing a spring for measuring forces. The size of the force is indicated by the length the spring stretches. |
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| The maximun velocity of an object falling through air or water. Gravity accerlerates the obejct until air or water resistnace prevents it accerlerating any more. The velocity is then constant. |
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| The buoymant force experienced by objects in any fluid. The upward force provided by the fluid. |
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| A quantity such as velocity or gorce, which must be specified by its size and direction. |
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| The speed and direction of an object; a vector describing the motion of an object. |
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| A method for respresenting groups of similar objects (sets) using circules. Relationships between sets are expressed by overlapping the circles. |
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| The force of gravity on any object. Weight is dependent on the location of the object and for the force of gravity acting on the object. |
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| A condition experienced by astronaunts orbiting the Earth. Gravity and the astronauts' speed keep them and the spacecraft in orbit. |
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