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Forces,Motion,Energy
Chapter 2
22
Science
6th Grade
01/29/2008

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Term
Force
Definition

a push or pull that gives energy to an object

 

Force is measured in Newtons (N)

Term
Balanced Force
Definition

*forces that are opposite in direction and equal in force

*cause an object to stay at rest

 

*cannot change the motion of an object

 

Term
Unbalanced Force
Definition

*forces that are not opposite and equal (one force is greater than the other)

 

*always cause a change in motion

*when 2 unbalanced forces move in the same direction the combined force is added

*when 2 unbalanced forces move in the opposite direction,the combined force is subtracted

 

 

Term
Net Force
Definition

the force on an object after all the forces are

added together

Term
Vector
Definition

*shows how strong the force is and its direction

 

* represented by an arrow- head of arrow shows direction of the force, width of arrow tells you the strength of the force.

Term
Newton's First Law
Definition

states that an object will remain at rest or move at a costant speed in a straight line unless acted on byan unbalanced force

Term
Sliding Friction
Definition

*friction made when 2 solid surfaces slide over each other

 

* amount of friction made depends on weight of the object that is mving and the kind of surface the object slides across

 

Term
Inertia
Definition

is the tendecy of an object to stay at rest or in motion: it is matter's resistance to change.

 

if it is at rest, it wants to stay not moving and if the object is moving, it doesn't want to stop moving

Term
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Definition

states that the unbalanced force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration

 

Force = Mass X acceleraton

or

the acceleration of an object depends upon its mass and the applied force

Term
Friction
Definition

*the force that resists the motion of an object

 

* friction works in the opposite direction, slowing it

down and finally stopping it

 

 

Term
Rolling Friction
Definition

*friction made when an object rolls over a surface

 

* rolling friction is less strong than sliding friction
Term
fluid friction
Definition
friction made when an object moves througha fluid (gas or liquid)
Term
gravity
Definition
the attractive force  between all objects in the universe
Term
free fall
Definition
when gravity is the only force acting on a falling object
Term
acceleration due to gravity
Definition

*is due to the the force of gravity between the object and the earth

 

* all objects accelerate at the same rate , regardless of their mass

 

* is 9.8 m/sec/sec or 9.8 m/sec2

for every second an object is falling, its velcoity is

increased by 9.8 m/sec

 

Term
air resistance
Definition

*will slow down the downward force of an object

 

* all falling objects meet air resistance

 

* air resitance is a result of the force of friction

Term
terminal velocity
Definition

is when a falling body no long accelerates

 

* air resistance increases with velocity, so as a falling object speeds up, the air resistance against it gets bigger, until...

 

the pull of gravity = air resistance

Term
weight
Definition
*a measure of the force of gravity on an object
unit of measurement if the Newton (N)
Weight = Mass X acceleration due to gravity
Term
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Definition

states all objects in the universe attact to each other by the force of gravity

 

* size of the force depends on : Mass of the object and the distance between them

Term
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Definition
states that for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force
Term
Momentum
Definition

is equal to the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity

 

Mass = Mass x velocity

 

 the more momentum an object has,the harder it is to stop

Term
Law of Conservation of Momentum
Definition
the total momentum is exactly the same before and after a collision
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