Term
| Most common acute complication of DM that young children encounter is |
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Definition
1 (DKA) diabetic ketoacidosis
2 Hypoglycemia |
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Term
| Exercise in children c DM causes |
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Definition
| Blood glucose to decrease; compensate c extra snacks before exercise & during (if prolonged) |
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Term
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Definition
| Insulin is needed to support the metabolism of carbs, fats & proteins; by facilitating the entry of these sub's into the cell, c exception of nerve cells & vascular tissues. With a def. of insulin, gluc is unable to enter the cell & its concentration in bl stream increases (hyperglycemia); produces osmotic gradient; which moves the body fluids from intracelular to extracellular space; then excreted into kidneys; when serum gluc exceeds renal threshold gluc spills into urine (glycosuria); c osmotic diversion of water (polyuria)(S/S of DM); urinary fluid loss causes excessive thirst(polydipsia); which results in depletion of other essential chem; protein is wasted;because gluc can't enter the cells protien is broken down & converted to gluc by liver (glucogenisi) & contributes to hyperglycemia;w/o use of carbs for energy, fat & proteinstores are depleted for body to meet energy needs; thus hunger mech is triggered (polyphagia)which enhances prob further by elev bl gluc |
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Term
| What does every cell need to survive? |
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Definition
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Term
| Problems adjusting to DM are most likely to occur in |
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Definition
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Term
| Classic symptoms of DM are |
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Definition
Polydypsia (^thirst)
Polyuria (^vol of urine)
Polyphagia (^hunger) |
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Term
| DM 1 is cha destruction of B characterized by |
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Definition
| Destruction of pancreatic B cells; which produce insulin; leading to absolute insulin deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
1 Immunemediated; results from autoimmune destruction of B cells
2 Idopathic type 1; refers to rare forms of disease that have no known cause |
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Term
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Definition
immediate family member c DM
phys inactive
high risk ethnic grp: Native, African, Hispanic, pacific, asian
gestational diabetic
hypertension
hyperlipidemic
previous testing; Hbg A1C >5.7% |
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Term
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Definition
| when insulin is absent or insulin sensitivity is altered, gluc is unavailable for cellular metabolism; body uses alternate souce of energy, fat; fat breaksdown into fatty acids & glycerol in the fat cells & converted ny liver to ketones; which are elim in urine (keytonuria); or the lungs (acetone breath); ketones in blood (ketonemia)are strong acids which lower pH producing Ketoacidosis |
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Term
| Sign of metabolic acidosis |
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Definition
| Kussmauls resp (^depth & rate); an attempt to eliminate excess carbon dioxide |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic disorder of metabolism characterized by a partial or complete deficiency of the hormone insulin; ^risk for african americans & hispanic children |
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Term
DM diagnostic methods
Teach for all tests to follow directions |
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Definition
A1C
Fasting plasma gluc level
2Hr plasma gluc level
Random plasma gluc level |
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Term
| Glycosuria by its self is not a Dx of DM; other factors can increase bl sugar |
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Definition
illness
infection
trauma
emotional/phys stress
some renal/endocrine diseases |
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Term
rapid acting insulin
lispro
aspart
glulisine |
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Definition
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Term
rapid acting insulin
lispro
aspart
glulisine |
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Definition
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Term
rapid acting insulin
lispro
aspart
glulisine |
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Definition
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Term
Short-acting Insulin
REGULAR |
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Definition
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Term
Short-acting Insulin
REGULAR |
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Definition
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Term
Short-acting Insulin
REGULAR |
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Definition
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Term
Intermediate-acting Insulin
NPH |
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Definition
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Term
Intermediate-acting Insulin
NPH |
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Definition
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Term
Intermediate-acting Insulin
NPH |
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Definition
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Term
Long-acting Insulin
glargine
detemir |
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Definition
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Term
Long-acting Insulin
glargine
detemir |
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Definition
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Term
Long-acting Insulin
glargine
detemir |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What insulin can be given by IV |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1st Gen Sulfonylureas
2nd Gen Sulfonylureas
Meglitinidies
Biguanide (Glucophage)
Alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors
Thiazolidinediones
Combo therapy
*Should wear braclet
*SIDE EFFECT: HYPOGLYCEMIA |
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Term
ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS
What do you need to know to admin |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-intro of pancreas & islets of langerhans
-how insulin is made & what effects its production
-discuss relationship of insulin & glucose |
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Term
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Definition
-importance of reg exercise & management of bl gluc
-improvement of cardio & gen health |
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Term
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Definition
-importance of well-bal diet as part of DM plan
-impact of carbs on glycemic index & bl glucose levels |
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Term
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Definition
-understands proper use of insulin & oral agents
-acct for pts limitations/inability for self-med; involve family/caregiver
-discuss all SE & saftey issues of meds |
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Term
| Pt Teaching DM: Monitor Bl Glucose |
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Definition
-correct meth of bl gluc monitoring
-when to ck; how to record; how to adj insulin levels accordingly |
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Term
| Pt Teaching DM: Lab tests |
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Definition
-A1C blood test q 3-6 mo; as indicator for long term bl gluc control
-know S/S for hyper & hypo |
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Term
| how does age effect approach of a DM Child |
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Definition
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