Term
| What are 2 types of rhinitis: |
|
Definition
1. Allergic Rhinitis
2. Vasomotor Rhinitis |
|
|
Term
| What is the Atopic Triangle: |
|
Definition
1. Atopic Dermatitis
2. Asthma (most common atopic disorder)
3. Allergic Rhinitis (2nd most common) |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 olfactory disturbances |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes of olfactory dysfunctions (anosmia & hyposmia) |
|
Definition
| Aging, toxins, tobacco use, medications, endocrine disorders, nasal inflammation, neurological conditions, and/or trauma |
|
|
Term
| 4 types of diminished taste: |
|
Definition
(1) Hypogeusia (2) Aliageusia
(3) dysgeusia
(4) r/t Olfactory dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common causes of olfactory/Taste dysfunction |
|
Definition
| Allergies, bacterial rhinitis, viral infections, head trauma, sinusitis, polyps, benign tumors |
|
|
Term
| Olfactory/Taste dysfunction exam includes |
|
Definition
| Neuro exam, assess cranial nerves, HEENT |
|
|
Term
| Olfactory/Taste dysfunction treatment |
|
Definition
treat the underlying cause
refer to specialist as needed |
|
|
Term
| Sinusitis: name the 3 causative organisms |
|
Definition
1. H. Flu (nontypable)
2. Strep pneumo
3. m. catarrhalis
**can also be viral, fungal, or allergic |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 sinus cavities are present in utero |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what age do the frontal sinuses begin to develop |
|
Definition
2 years old
seen radio-graphically around 5-6 y.o. |
|
|
Term
| Name risk factors for Sinusitis |
|
Definition
| Cigarette smoke, cold dry air, viral URI, cystic fibrosis, GERD, ciliary dyskinesia |
|
|
Term
| When URIs last longer than 7-10 days, the clinician should consider_________. |
|
Definition
| Reassess and consider SINUSITIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cough & nasal discharge (most common)
Cough is worse when supine
Discharge may be clear or purulent; sore throat from post nasal drip, malodorous breath, may have a fever, possible HA, facial pain, tenderness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fever, purulent nasal discharge, eye swelling (esp w/ ethmoid sinuses), VERY eraphematous breath, beefy red nasal mucosa, abrupt onset, HA that is worse with bending over |
|
|
Term
| Sinusitis can cause concomitant _____ _____. |
|
Definition
| Otitis Media (b/c kids are swallowing or having drainage at night and the purulent drainage migrates to the Eustachian tubes) |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric Sinusitis Treatment: |
|
Definition
| Nasal irrigation w/ saline rinse, Augmentin, Amoxicillin clavulanate, or 2nd or 3rd cephalasporins. |
|
|
Term
| Adult Sinusitis management: |
|
Definition
| Symptom Management: Antihistamines, NSAID, decongestant, cough suppressant, nasal saline spray, nasal steroid spray |
|
|
Term
| Acute Sinusitis exam includes the following systems: |
|
Definition
| HEENT, CV, Respiratory, palpate the sinuses |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for uncomplicated Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis (ABRS) |
|
Definition
Observation w/o use of ABX and follow up in 7-10 days
Uncomplicated ABRS: mild pain and fever <101F |
|
|
Term
| What is the first line ABX for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are most adult sinus infections viral or bacterial? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of sinusitis occurs with episodes of prolonged sinus infection that resist tx or are recurrent infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T or F
Chronic Sinusitis can be r/t dental infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic Sinusitis can be related to what 2 things |
|
Definition
1. Dental infections
2. Anatomic abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| Name causes of chronic nasal congestion |
|
Definition
| allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, medications, mechanical obstruction, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, chronic inflammatory disease, diseases that form granulomas and destruct soft tissue, cartilage, & bone (syphillis, histoplasmosis, leprosy), overuse of nasal decongestants |
|
|
Term
| Define: Rhinitis Medicamentosa |
|
Definition
| Rebound engorgement from chronic use of: sympatholytic drugs, NSAIDS, or topical decongestants. |
|
|
Term
| Anatomic causes of rhinitis |
|
Definition
| Deviated septum, Nasal polyps, & nasal tumors |
|
|
