Term
| How much of a middle-aged mans weight is composed of water? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much of an older mans weight is composed of water? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much of a womans weight is composed of water, in comparison to a mans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do obese patients have have less water in their bodies? |
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Definition
| The fat contains less water than muscle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does it mean when your solution is in millimoles per liter? |
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Definition
| It's the number of milligrams of the electrolyte divided by its molecular weight contained within the fluid being measured |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of particles per kilogram of water |
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Term
| What is the normal value for sodium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal value for potassium? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do cells maintain high intracelluar electrolyte concentration? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Uses ATP to move electrolytes from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| Diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or other particles down the concentration gradient |
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Term
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Definition
| an inward-pulling force caused by particles in the fluid |
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Term
| Cells in ICF exert pressure to pull water in or out of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells in intersitial (ECF) fluid exert intersitial pressure to pull water in or out of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would a patient be on a hypotonic solution? |
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Definition
| They have a fluid volume loss |
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Term
| Give an example of why a patient would be on a hypotonic IV drip. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would a patient be on a hypertonic solution? |
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Definition
| They need electrolytes but have too much fluid already |
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Term
| Where is capillary hydrostatic pressure strongest? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the colloid osmotic pressure strongest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What accounts for most fluid intake? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Insensible & Sweat (Skin) Output |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal Amount: Insensible fluid output from the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal Amount: GI Fluid Output |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal Amount: Urine Fluid Output |
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Definition
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Term
| GI Vital Role in fluid balance. (How much moves in and what does the GI do with it) |
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Definition
| Approximately 3 to 6 L of fluid moves into the GI tract daily and then returns again to the ECF |
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Term
| If a patient has dehydration and pain, what will happen to the ADH level? Why? |
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Definition
| Increased to prevent more fluid loss |
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Term
| If you have an alcoholic patient and they say they urinate very frequently, is there a cause for concern in terms of output? Why? |
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Definition
| No, alcohol increases ADH which will cause them to urinate more than normal. |
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Term
| If a patient is hemmoraging, what happens to the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System? (The process) |
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Definition
| More renin is released to create angiontensin to stimulate the release of aldosterone to cause re-absorption. |
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Term
| What does Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) inhibit? |
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Definition
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Term
| Volume imbalances are disturbances of: |
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Definition
| the amount of fluid in the extracellular compartment. |
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Term
| Osmolality imbalances are disturbances of: |
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Definition
| the concentration of body fluids. |
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Term
What is hypovolemia?
Does it result from an ECV deficit or excess? |
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Definition
| decreased vascular volume and often is used when discussing ECV deficit |
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Term
| When you eat more salty foods than usual and drink water and you notice swelling in your ankles what is that an indication of? |
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Definition
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Term
What is hypernatremia?
Is it hypertonic or hypotonic? |
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Definition
| Water deficit, Hypertonic |
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Term
What is hyponatremia?
Is it hypertonic or hypotonic? |
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Definition
| Water excess of water intoxication, hypotonic |
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Term
| Why does hypernatremia occur? (Two reasons) |
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Definition
| loss of relatively more water than salt or gain of relatively more salt than water |
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Term
| Why does hyponatremia occur? (Two reasons) |
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Definition
| gain of relatively more water than salt or loss of relatively more salt than water |
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Term
| Clinical dehydration occurs because |
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Definition
| The ECV is too low, and the body fluids are too concentrated |
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Term
| The patient has severe diarrhea and vomiting and is exhibiting signs of cerebral dysfunction, what is a possible (medical) diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can electrolyte output occur in fistulas and drainage tubes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are common causes of hypokalemia ? |
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Definition
| increased potassium output include diarrhea, repeated vomiting, and use of potassium-wasting diuretics. |
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Term
| What is a common cause of hyperkalemia? |
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Definition
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