Term
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Definition
| severe and generalized edema |
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Term
Causes edema by three ways:
1) increase in venous pressure
2) Increase in Na/H20
3) tissue anoxia causes increased cap perm |
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Definition
| Cardiac failure (systemic edema) |
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Term
| dependent edema also known as |
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Definition
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Term
| subcutanous edema most prominent in lower extremities |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sacral edema, renal edema |
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Term
| generalized edmea mainly seen in loose tissues like eyelids (periorbital edema) |
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Definition
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Term
| cells and connective tissue fibers are separated and spaces filled with fine granular precipitate |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| due to obstruction of venous drainage w/ distension of veins / caps (cyanosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic passive congestion of lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic Passive congestion of systemic orgnas |
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Term
| IN addition to LV failure (MI, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy) these can leads to pulmonary edema |
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Definition
Rheumatic heart disease w/ mitral stenosis
and
Floppy MV w/ regurg |
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Term
|
Definition
| hemosiderin laden macrophages found in lung |
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Term
|
Definition
| found in lungs which become firmand borwn due to fibrous thickening of alveolar walls and hemosiderin pigmentation |
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Term
| Liver becomes rapidly congested w/ |
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Definition
| RV failure (no valves between hepatic veins and RA) |
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|
Term
extreme dilation of central veins of liver lobules and central sinusoids DISTENDENT
liver dusky, red, tense, heavy: oozes blood when sectioned |
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Definition
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Term
| Centriolobular liver cell damage, peripheral portion of liver shows fatty changes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Red blue congested centers rimmed by yellow tan parenchyma produce molted appearance of liver , found in chronic liver hyperemia |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| comes from chronic congestion of liver |
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Term
| necrosis of central hepatocytes ->centrilobular necrosis |
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Definition
| severe congestion in liver |
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Term
| congestive splenomegaly seen |
|
Definition
| in chronic congestion (esp w/ portla vein obstruction) |
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Term
|
Definition
| small yellow brown/rust colored foci found in spleen in pts w/ splenomegaly due to portla hypertension. Consist of fibrous tissue + hemosiderin deposits |
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Term
|
Definition
| expectoration of blood from hemorrhage in respiratory tract |
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Term
|
Definition
| vomiting of blood (not from hemorrage in resp. tract) |
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Term
| presence of dark, decomposed blood in stool |
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Definition
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Term
| Intrapericardial hemorrhage leads to |
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Definition
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Term
| frequent cause of death in HT |
|
Definition
| rupture of artery in brain |
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Term
| factor V, VWF, PAF, tPA INHIBITOR (tissue planminogen activator) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| antihrombin III, thrombomodulin, protein C and S, prostacyclin PGI2, ADPase (inhibitors of platelet aggregation), tissue plasminogen activators (tPA) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| inhibitor of platelet aggregation (antithrombotic factor) |
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Definition
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Term
| tPA (tissue plasminogen activators) |
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Definition
| fibrinolysis agonist (antithrombotic factor) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| activated platelets secrete these to augment platelet aggregation |
|
Definition
ADP, TxA2
also produce platelet factor 3 to serve in fibrin clot formation |
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Term
| extrinsic pathway triggeredby |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| triggered by hageman factor (XII) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thrombin in duces endothelial cell release of ____ and ____ to convert plasminogen to plasmin which degrades fibrin to FDPs inhibiting coagulation |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| endothelial injury, changes in blood flow, hypercoagulability of blood |
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|
Term
| nephrotic syndrome leads to |
|
Definition
| antithrombin III excretion (increase likelihood of thrombus formation) |
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Term
| non occlusive thrombus seen in cardiac chambers and aorta |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Occlusive thrombi seen in |
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Definition
|
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Term
| usually red-blue , no lines of Zahn attached to site of origin w/ thin strands of fibrin (phlebothrombosis) |
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Definition
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Term
| thrombi in veins known as |
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Definition
|
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Term
| grey - red; pale layers of platelets/fibrin alternating w/ red layers of RBCs |
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Definition
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Term
| Seen in thrombi of heart and arteries |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| non bacterial thrombotic endocarditis. seen as small vegetations on any valve in SLE |
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Term
| thrombus becomes organized by invading fibroblasts and capillaries. Sometimes recanalized by through and through capillary channels |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| form of stroke caused by arterial thrombi (in brain, blocks arteries) |
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Term
Big thrombus on venous side (legs espc. leads to)
Test Question |
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Definition
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Term
| Cancer causes venous thrombosis/hypercoagulability |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of consumption coagulopathy (DIC) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Lung, Pancreas, prostate, and luekemia cancers can lead to |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein C (leads to thrombi) |
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Term
| bacterial endo toxins leads to endothelial injury by |
|
Definition
| activating monocytes -> IL-1 , TNF, free radical damage hurts endothelial cells |
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Term
| Widespread MIcrothrombi causes |
|
Definition
MAHA (microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia)
and Tissue hypoxia (multiple infarcts) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| microinfarcts or RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS |
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|
Term
condition that occurs in a woman who bleeds excessively after childbirth
(pituitary infarction) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Shock, PURURA, DIC, Adrenocortical insufficiency.
Caused by N. meningitidis.
assoc w/ DIC
affects Adrenals |
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Definition
| Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome |
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Term
| type of DIC seen in severe trauma / obstetric complications |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of DIC seen in cancer |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| oliguria (lack of urine production) |
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|
Term
| hemolytic anemia is consequence of |
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Definition
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|
Term
| emboli in veins usually impact |
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Definition
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|
Term
| emoboli in arteries usually impact |
|
Definition
| legs, brain, viscera (systemic embolism) |
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Term
problem in heart causes problem in lungs
ex: CHF -> thrombi in veins |
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Definition
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Term
| straddles divding blood vessel (bifurcation of MPA) often lethal because prevents blood entry into lungs. typically from vein -> RA -> RV -> PUlm. art |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| RHF (probably due to blocking of MPA by venous thrombus) |
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|
Term
this size emboli may be clinically silent or cuase hemoptysis.
or induce infarction in pts w/ heart failure |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| can sometimes cause chronic cor pulmonale -> pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and vascular sclerosis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| refers to embloli travelling through arterial circulation |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic emboli lodge in these sites (by order of frequency) |
|
Definition
| lower limbs, brain, viscera |
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Term
| consists of thrombocytopenia, petechiae in skin and conjunctivate, respiratory difficulty, mental deterioration, severe cases: coma / death |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Fat embolism syndrome morphology. Fat globulesin microvessels especially these organs |
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Definition
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|
Term
| increases likelihood of infarction |
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Definition
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|
Term
| tissues most sensitive to hypoxia |
|
Definition
| neurons, mycoardial cells, renal tubular cells |
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Term
| infarct that occurs in solid organs w/ end arteries (kidneys, spleen) |
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Definition
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Term
| infarct that occurs in tissues that are loose (lungs), those w/ double circualation (intestines), or venous occlusion (torsion of ovary) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| infarcts replaced by scars except |
|
Definition
| encephalomalacia (infarct in brain): liqufactiv necrosis and smooth walled glia lined cavity. |
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