Term
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Definition
| in thermochemistry, includes everything in the universe except the system |
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Term
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Definition
| States that if two or more thermochemical equations an be added to produce a final equation for a reaction, then the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual reactions is the enthalpy change for the final reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree celsius |
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Term
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Definition
| the SI unit of heat and energy |
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Term
| What is a spontaneous process? |
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Definition
| a physical or chemical change that occurs without outside intervantion and may require energy to be supplied to begin the process |
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Term
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Definition
| in thermochemistry, the specific part of the universe containing the raction or process being studied |
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Term
| What is a thermochemical equation? |
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Definition
| a balanced chemical equation that includes the physical states of all the reactants and the energy change, usually expressed as the change in enthalpy |
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Term
| What is chemical potential energy? |
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Definition
| the energy stored in a substance because of its composition; most is released or absorbed as heat during chemical reactions or processes |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity to do work or produce heat; exists as potential energy, which is stored in an objectdue to its composition or position, and kinetic energy which is the energy of motion |
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Term
| What is enthalpy of combustion? (possible fill in the blank) |
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Definition
| the enthalpy change for the complete burning of one mole of a given substance |
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Term
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Definition
| the heat content of a system at constant pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the number of possible ways that the energy of a system can be distributed; related to the freedom of the system's particles to move and the number of ways they can be arranged |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy available to do work the difference between the change in enthalpy and the product of the entropy change and the kelvin temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of energy that flows from a warmer object to a cooler object |
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Term
| What is molar enthalpy of fusion? (possible fill-in-the-blank) |
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Definition
| the amount of heat required to melt one mole of a solid substance |
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Term
| What is molar enthalpy of vaporization? (fill-in-the-blank?) |
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Definition
| the amount of heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a given substance by one degree celsius |
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Term
| What is standard enthalpy of formation? |
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Definition
| the change in enthalpy that accompanies the formation of one mole of a compound in its standard statefrom its constituent elements in their standard states |
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Term
| What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics? |
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Definition
| the spontaneous processes always proceed in such a way that the entropy of the universe increases |
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Term
| What is the enthalpy of a reaction? |
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Definition
| the change in enthalpy for a reaction-the difference between the enthalpy of the substances that exist at the end of the reaction and the enthalpy of the substances present at the start |
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Term
| What is the law of conservation of energy? |
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Definition
| states that in any chemical reaction or physical process, energy may change from one form to another, but it is neither created nor destroyed |
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Term
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Definition
| in thermochemistry, is the system plus the surroundings |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of heat changes that accompany chemical reactions and phase changes |
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Term
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Definition
| an insulated device that is used to measure the amount of heat released or absorbed during a physical or chemical process |
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Term
| What does a triangle before a H mean/stand for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the triangle before a S mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the standard state of formation? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many joules are in one calorie? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the specific heat for water? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the change in entropy positive or negative if it is a solid to a liquid and a liquid to a gas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the change in entropy positive or negative if a gas is being dissolved in a solvent? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the change in entropy positive or negative if the number of gaseous product particles is greater than the number of gaseous reactant particles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does entropy increase or decrease if a solid or a liquid dissolves in a solvent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the random motion of the particls of a substance do as its temperature increases? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the value of the change in enthalpy of vaporization related to the change in enthalpy of condensation? |
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Definition
| enthalpy of condensation has the opposite sign of the value of the enthalpy of vaporization |
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Term
| How is the value of the enthalpy of fussion related to the enthalpy of solid? |
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Definition
| the enthalpy of a solid has the opposite sign of the value of the enthalpy of fussion |
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