Genre (/ˈʒɒnrə/ or /ˈdʒɒnrə/; from French, genre French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ʁ], "kind" or "sort", from Latin: genus (stem gener-), Greek: genos, γένος) is the term for any category of literature or other forms of art or entertainment, e.g. music, whether written or spoken, audial or visual, based on some set of stylistic criteria. Genres are formed by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented and the use of old ones are discontinued. Often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions. Genre theory is a branch of critical theory.

A hero (heroine for a female) (Ancient Greek: ἥρως, hḗrōs), in Greek mythology andfolklore, was originally a demigod, their cult being one of the most distinctive features ofancient Greek religion.^[1] A demigod is the son or daughter from one immortal and one mortal parent, an example would be Heracles, son of the mortal queen Alcmene and the god Zeus.^[2] Later, hero (male) and heroine (female) came to refer to characters who, in the face of danger and adversity or from a position of weakness, display courage and the will for self sacrifice—that is, heroism—for some greater good of all humanity. This definition originally referred to martial courage or excellence but extended to more general moral excellence.

Hyperbole (/haɪˈpɜrbəliː/ hy-pur-bə-lee;^[1] Greek: ὑπερβολή hyperbolē, "exaggeration") is the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical deviceor figure of speech. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally.^[2]

Hyperboles are exaggerations to create emphasis or effect. As a literary device, hyperbole is often used in poetry, and is frequently encountered in casual speech. An example of hyperbole is: "The bag weighed a ton."^[3] Hyperbole makes the point that the bag was very heavy, though it probably does not weigh a ton.

An idiom (Latin: idioma, "special property", f. Greek: ἰδίωμα – idiōma, "special feature, special phrasing", f. Greek: ἴδιος – idios, "one’s own") is a combination of words that has a figurative meaning, due to its common usage. An idiom's figurative meaning is separate from the literal meaning or definitionof the words of which it is made.^[1] Idioms are numerous and they occur frequently in all languages. There are estimated to be at least 25,000 idiomatic expressions in the English language.^[2]

Imagery, in a literary text, is an author's use of vivid and descriptive language to add depth to their work. It appeals to human senses to deepen the reader's understanding of the work.

Indeterminacy in literature can be simply defined as when components of a text call for or require the reader to make their own decisions about the text’s meaning. (Baldick 2008) This can be when the text’s ending does not provide full closure and there are still questions to be answered, or when ‘the language is such that the author’s original intention is not known.’ Baldick (2008, p. 1 of 1) further describes the concept as ‘a principle of uncertainty invoked to deny the existence of any final or determinate meaning that could bring to an end the play of meaning between the elements of a text.’ Therefore, indeterminacy is, in a nutshell, the belief that it is not possible to decide entirely what a word means when used in a certain circumstance; which quite obviously means that we also cannot decide exclusively on the meaning of a whole text. In literature, indeterminacy is sometimes confused with the idea of ambiguity, as the two are very alike. However, as opposed to ambiguity, indeterminacy is ‘applied by its practitioners not only to literature but also to the interpretation of texts.’ (Encyclopædia Britannica 2011, p. 1 of 1) Nevertheless, the presence of dominant indeterminacy of meaning does not mean that decisions about meaning cannot be made at all, but only that there will be no final official judgement or approval on any individual interpretations. (Balidick 2008) Furthermore, the presence of indeterminacy does not result in all interpretations being of equal legitimacy, but instead that all meanings drawn from an indeterminate text are ‘partial and provisional, and that what we write about it itself as a text, is open to further interpretation.’

Internal monologue, also known as inner voice, internal speech, or verbal stream of consciousness is thinking in words. It also refers to the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level.

Much of what people consciously report "thinking about" may be thought of as an internal monologue, a conversation with oneself. Some of this can be considered as speech rehearsal.

Internal rhyme is used extensively in rap/hip hop music. The usage of internal rhyme in rap has increased over time, but can be found even in the earliest rap songs, such as the Sugarhill Gang's 1979 single, Rapper's Delight:^[2Internal rhyme is used frequently by many different hip hop artists, including Kool Moe Dee, Big Daddy Kane, and Rakim, as demonstrated in Eric B. and Rakim's 1987 piece, "My Melody" from their debut album Paid In Full:

Jargon is "the technical terminology or characteristic idiom of a special activity occupational or social group."^[1] The philosopherCondillac observed in 1782 that "every science requires a special language because every science has its own ideas." As a rationalist member of the Enlightenment he continued, "It seems that one ought to begin by composing this language, but people begin by speaking and writing, and the language remains to be composed."^[2] In earlier times, the term jargon would refer to trade languages used by people who spoke different native tongues to communicate, such as the Chinook Jargon.

uxtaposition is the act or placement of two things (usually abstract concepts) near each other.

Juxtaposition may also refer to:

• Juxtaposition Magazine, a student run Global Health magazine at the University of Toronto
• a procedure of contrast (music)
• Juxtaposition: Barons of Ceti V, a 1985 Wintersoft video game
• Juxtaposition in mathematics, adjacency of factors with the absence of an explicit operator in an expression, especially formultiplication.