Lantus 

( insulin glargine)

Lantus is a man-made form of a hormone (insulin) that is produced in the body. Insulin is a hormone that works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that starts to work several hours after injection and keeps working evenly for 24 hours.

Route: injection

Dose: Usual initial dose range: 0.2-0.4 units 

Side effects may include:

• low blood sugar;

• swelling, weight gain;

• allergic reaction, itching, rash; or

• thickening or hollowing of the skin where you injected the medicine.

Tell your doctor if you also take pioglitazone or rosiglitazone (sometimes contained in combinations with glimepiride or metformin). Taking certain oral diabetes medicines while you are using insulin may increase your risk of serious heart problems.

Levemir

( insulin detemir )

Levemir is a man-made form of insulin, a hormone that is produced in the body. Insulin works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

Levemir is a long-acting insulin that starts to work several hours after injection and keeps working evenly for up to 24 hours

Route: injection

Dose: r 0.1 to 0.2 units

Side effects may include:

• low blood sugar;

• weight gain;

• swelling in your hands and feet;

• rash, itching; or

• thickening or hollowing of the skin where you injected the medicine.

Never share a Levemir injection pen or syringe with another person, even if the needle has been changed. Many other drugs can potentially interfere with the effects of Levemir. It is extremely important that you tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

Ozempic

( semaglutide injection )

Ozempic (semaglutide) is used for type 2 diabetes in adults to improve blood sugar levels and also used to lower the risk of major cardiovascular events like stroke, heart attack or death, for adults with type 2 diabetes with heart disease. In clinical trials, Ozempic has also been shown to help with weight loss. After 30 weeks, patients on Ozempic 0.5mg had lost 2.6 kg more than the placebo group, and patients on Ozempic 1mg lost 3.5 kg more than the placebo group. Although currently, Ozempic is not an FDA-approved weight loss medicine.

Route: injection 

Dose: starting dose is 0.25 maximum dose is 2 mg once weekly.

Side effects may include : 

• low blood sugar (in people with type 2 diabetes);

• upset stomach, heartburn, burping, gas, bloating;

• nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, loss of appetite;

• diarrhea, constipation;

• runny nose or sore throat;

• stomach flu symptoms; or

• headache, dizziness, tiredness.

Never share an injection pen, even if you changed the needle. Sharing this device can pass infection or disease from person to person. This medicine can slow your digestion, and it may take longer for your body to absorb any medicines you take by mouth. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially insulin or other diabetes medicine, such as dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, Byetta, Trulicity, Victoza, and others

Tresiba

( insulin degludec )

Tresiba is a long-acting insulin that starts to work several hours after injection and keeps working evenly for 24 hours. Insulin is a hormone that works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Tresiba is used to improve blood sugar control in adults with diabetes mellitus. Tresiba may be used for type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Tresiba is supplied in a multiple-dose vial or as a single-patient-use FlexTouch pen.

Route: injection

Dose: 0.2-0.4 units

Side effects may include:

• low blood sugar;

• swelling, weight gain;

• itching, rash; or

• thickening or hollowing of the skin where you injected the medicine.

Tresiba may not work as well when you use other medicines at the same time. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all medicines you start or stop using.

Orinase

( tolbutamide)

used to treat high blood sugar levels caused by a type of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) called type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, your body does not work properly to store excess sugar and the sugar remains in your bloodstream. Chronic high blood sugar can lead to serious health problems in the future.

Route: Oral

Dose: 1000 to 2000 milligrams (mg) per day

Side effects may include:

• Belching

• indigestion

• pain in the chest below the breastbone

• passing of gas

• stomach pain, fullness, or discomfort

Tolbutamide can cause low blood sugar. However, this can also occur if you delay or miss a meal or snack, drink alcohol, exercise more than usual, cannot eat because of nausea or vomiting, take certain medicines, or take tolbutamide with another type of diabetes medicine. The symptoms of low blood sugar must be treated before they lead to unconsciousness (passing out). Different people feel different symptoms of low blood sugar. It is important that you learn which symptoms of low blood sugar you usually have so you can treat it quickly.

Trazodone

( Oleptro )

Trazodone is used to treat depression. It is thought to work by increasing the activity of serotonin in the brain. Trazodone is an antidepressant.

Route: Oral

Dose: 150 milligrams (mg) per day as a single dose.

Side effects may include:

• Blurred vision

• confusion

• dizziness

• dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position

• lightheadedness

• Sweating

For some teenagers and young adults, this medicine can increase thoughts of suicide. Tell your doctor right away if you start to feel more depressed or have thoughts about hurting yourself or others. Report any unusual thoughts or behaviors that trouble you, especially if they are new or get worse quickly.unusual tiredness or weakness

Novolog

( Insulin Aspart, Recombinant )

Insulin aspart is a fast-acting type of insulin. Insulin is one of many hormones that help the body turn the food we eat into energy. This is done by using the glucose (sugar) in the blood as quick energy. Also, insulin helps us store energy that we can use later. When you have diabetes mellitus, your body cannot make enough or does not use insulin properly

Route: injection

Dose: The dose is based on your blood sugar and must be determined by your doctor.

Side effects may include:

• Anxiety

• behavior change similar to being drunk

• bladder pain

• bloody or cloudy urine

• blurred vision

• cold sweats

• confusion

• depression

Never share insulin pens or cartridges with others under any circumstances. It is not safe for one pen to be used for more than one person. Sharing needles or pens can result in transmission of hepatitis viruses, HIV, or other bloodborne illnesses.

Humalog

( Insulin Lispro )

Insulin lispro is a fast-acting type of insulin. Insulin is one of many hormones that helps the body turn the food we eat into energy. This is done by using the glucose (sugar) in the blood as quick energy. Also, insulin helps us store energy that we can use for later. When you have diabetes mellitus, your body cannot make enough or does not use insulin properly. So, you must take additional insulin to regulate your blood sugar and keep your body healthy. This is very important as too much sugar in your blood can be harmful to your health.

Route: injection

Dose: The dose is based on your blood sugar and must be determined by your doctor.

Side effects may include:

• Anxious or nervous feeling

• behavior change similar to being drunk

• blurred vision

• chills

• cold sweats

• confusion or difficulty thinking

• depression

• dizziness or lightheadedness

• drowsiness

• excessive hunger

• fast heartbeat

• fever

• headache

This medicine may cause a serious allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Tell your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, swelling of the face, tongue, and throat, trouble breathing, or chest pain after you receive this medicine.

Glucotrol

( Glipizide )

Glipizide is used to treat high blood sugar levels caused by a type of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) called type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, your body does not work properly to store excess sugar and the sugar remains in your bloodstream. Chronic high blood sugar can lead to serious health problems in the future.

Route: Oral

Dose:  5 milligrams (mg) once a day

Range: take with breakfast 

Side effects may include:

• Indigestion

• passing of gas

Glipizide can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). However, this can also occur if you delay or miss a meal or snack, drink alcohol, exercise more than usual, cannot eat because of nausea or vomiting, take certain medicines, or take glipizide with another type of diabetes medicine. The symptoms of low blood sugar must be treated before they lead to unconsciousness (passing out). Different people feel different symptoms of low blood sugar. It is important that you learn which symptoms of low blood sugar you usually have so you can treat it quickly.

Glyburide 

( Diabeta )

Glyburide is used to treat high blood sugar levels caused by a type of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) called type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, your body does not work properly to store excess sugar and the sugar remains in your bloodstream. Chronic high blood sugar can lead to serious health problems in the future.

Route: Oral 

Dose: 2.5 to 5 milligrams (mg) once a day

Range: take with breakfast 

Side effects may include:

• Difficulty with swallowing

• dizziness

• fast heartbeat

• hives, itching, skin rash

• puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue

• tightness in the chest

• trouble breathing

• unusual tiredness or weakness

Symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include anxiety, behavior change similar to being drunk, blurred vision, cold sweats, confusion, cool, pale skin, difficulty in thinking, drowsiness, excessive hunger, fast heartbeat, headache (continuing), nausea, nervousness, nightmares, restless sleep, shakiness, slurred speech, or unusual tiredness or weakness.

Avandia

( Rosiglitazone )

Rosiglitazone is used to treat a type of diabetes mellitus called type 2 diabetes. It may be used alone or with other medicines such as metformin or sulfonylurea agents. Rosiglitazone is used together with a proper diet and exercise to help control blood sugar levels. It does this by helping your body use insulin better.

Route: injection

 Dose: 4 milligrams (mg) per day, taken as a single dose or divided into two doses

Side effects may include: 

• Back pain

• cough

• diarrhea

• lightheadedness

• pain or tenderness around the eyes and cheekbones

If you are rapidly gaining weight or having shortness of breath, chest pain or discomfort, extreme tiredness or weakness, irregular breathing, irregular heartbeat, or excessive swelling of the hands, wrist, ankles, or feet, check with your doctor right away. These may be symptoms of a heart problem or edema (fluid retention).

Regular Insulin

( Myxredlin )

Insulin human regular is a short-acting type of insulin. Insulin is one of many hormones that help the body turn the food we eat into energy. This is done by using the glucose (sugar) in the blood as quick energy. Also, insulin helps us store energy that we can use later. When you have diabetes mellitus, your body cannot make enough insulin or does not use insulin properly. This causes you to have too much sugar in your blood. Like other types of insulin, insulin human regular is used to keep your blood sugar level close to normal.

Route: injection

Dose: The dose is based on your blood sugar and must be determined by your doctor.

Side effects may include: 

• Anxiety

• blurred vision

• chest tightness

• chills

• cold sweats

• confusion

• cool, pale skin

• cough

• decreased urine

This medicine may cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Tell your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, swelling of the face, tongue, and throat, trouble breathing, or chest pain after you get the injection

Lente

( novolin )

Lente insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that starts working about 1.5 hours after it is injected. The effect is maximal between 4 and 8 hours and ends as long as 24 hours after injection. The time-course of action of insulin may vary in different people and at different times in the same person.

Route: injections

Dose: The dose is based on your blood sugar and must be determined by your doctor.

Side effects may include:

• Anxiety

• behavior change similar to being drunk

• blurred vision

• chills

• cold sweats

• confusion

• cool, pale skin

• difficulty with thinking

Lantus can cause certain side effects, some of which are more common than others. These side effects may be temporary, lasting a few days to weeks. However, if the side effects last longer than that, bother you, or become severe, be sure to talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Actos

( Pioglitazone )

Pioglitazone is used with proper diet and exercise to treat high blood sugar levels caused by type 2 diabetes. It may be used alone or with other medicines such as insulin, metformin, or sulfonylurea agents. Pioglitazone works by helping your body use insulin better. This medicine does not help patients who have insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes.

Route: oral

Dose: 15 or 30 milligrams (mg) once a day.

Side effects may include:

• Chest pain

• decreased urine output

• dilated neck veins

• extreme fatigue

• irregular breathing

• irregular heartbeat

• problems with teeth

• swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs

• tightness in the chest

• trouble breathing

• weight gain

Basaglar

(  insulin glargine )

Basaglar is a long-acting insulin that starts to work several hours after injection and keeps working evenly for 24 hours. Insulin is a hormone that works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

Basaglar is used to improve blood sugar control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.

Route: injection 

Dose: The dose is based on your blood sugar and must be determined by your doctor.

Side effects may include:

• low blood sugar;

• swelling, weight gain;

• allergic reaction, itching, rash; or

• thickening or hollowing of the skin where you injected the medicine.

Your care provider will show you the best places on your body to inject Basaglar. Use a different place each time you give an injection. Do not inject into the same place two times in a row. Use only the injection pen that comes with Basaglar KwikPen. Attach a new needle before each use. Do not transfer the insulin from the pen into a syringe