Term
Government is essential because it has an impact on your everyday life.
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- protection through defense and support of individuals through raising revenue
- policy areas (universal health care, armed forces)
- social security
-medicare
- preamble of the constitution. |
|
|
Term
Politics, the means with which individuals and groups get involved, results in the formal election of officials.
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- politics deals with individuals and their needs, values, attitudes with people with similar ideas will band togehter to form political parties.
- incumbency
- the way people feel about the party
- confort level of the voter
- influence of the media |
|
|
Term
The united States politcal system evolved from various interest groups trying to impliment a policy agenda
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- federalist papers
- federalist
- anti-federalist
- democrats
- republicans |
|
|
Term
Public polict is affected by the linkage institutions of political parties, elections, interest groups, and the media.
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- democrats and republicans each have their national platforms that outline their positions on various pulic issues.
- media attempt to influence voters the party, and the candidates stand on issues
- formation of a policy agenda by the candidiates running for office
- 1980 presidential race , ronald reagan, and president jimmy carder
- preferance |
|
|
Term
The formal institutions created by the constitution including the presidency, congress, and the courts and bureaucracies are the significant and major policy making institutions.
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- a significant policy making function is defined by the constituion
- supreme court has direct impact
- roe v. wade
- brown v. board of ed
- fda, epa |
|
|
Term
The basic concepts of our democracy today rely on the worth and dignity of the individual respect for equality majority rule with minority rights,compromise, and the guarantee of individual freedom.
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- through linkage instituions and sovereignty
- one man, one vote
- tinker v. des moines
- amendments to the constituion
- consensus and compromise |
|
|
Term
The development of our representative democracy evolved from other forms of democracies
CH 1 |
|
Definition
- roots from ancient greece
- enlightenment thinkers, montesque, and locke
- principles outline in decleration of independence
- origins of athenian democracy
- natural rights
- unalienable rights |
|
|
Term
Modern political theory revolves around who controls the agenda
CH 1 |
|
Definition
-pluralism theory
- elite and classy theory
- hyperpluralism theory
- which groups most successfully influences government officials.
- george walker bush' administration |
|
|
Term
A powerful heritage created a climate that influences our forefathers to turn toward a rocky and risky road of revolution.
CH 2 |
|
Definition
- lockes second treatise of civil govt
- decleration of independence
- english common law
- natural rights
- conservative revolution |
|
|
Term
THe american revolution restored to the colonists the rights they had as british subjects and carreid out many of the major promises of the decleration of independance
Ch 2 |
|
Definition
| -articles of confederation |
|
|
Term
The articles of confederation were doomed to failure from their onset
ch 2 |
|
Definition
- relied on the states
- two levels of govt'
- no chief executive
- no national court system
- legistlation had to be passed by a 2/3rds majority |
|
|
Term
A diverse delegation, representing varying interests, met in philadelphia and concluded that a new constituion was needed to replace the articles of confederation
ch 2 |
|
Definition
- delegates shared a cynical belief taht people could not
- felt articles should be revised
- felt it should be totally changed to relflect the realities of what a govt should be
- sent 55 delegates
- thomas jefferson, pain, henry john adams, did not attend. |
|
|
Term
The framers of the constituion believed that inequeties of wealth were a principle source of political conflict, but they did not try to eliminate then from the constitution.
ch 2 |
|
Definition
- because wealth was such an important consideration the delgates decided to let the individuals states determine the criteris for voting qualification
- economic interpretation 1913
- men who were wealthy and who cared about the financial interests of that class
- compromises reached voting representation, slavery, trade |
|
|
Term
Instead , they argues to a series of compromises
ch 2 |
|
Definition
- great compromise
- bicameral legislature
- three fifths compromise
- congress, power to tax
- elastic clause |
|
|
Term
The first political parties were born during the fight to ratify the new constitution because the philosophy of each party reflected on economic base, it became apparant that the issue of individualize the approval of the new constitution.
ch2 |
|
Definition
- tyranny of the majority
- federalist paper
- ex post facto laws
- letters from the federal papers
- pennsylvania packet |
|
|
Term
The constituion has been called an enduring and evolving document because it has stood the test of time
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- refernace to longevity and future generations
- seperation of powers
- checks and balances
- elastic clause
- reserved power |
|
|
Term
The organization of the constitution separates the formal instituions of govt.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- article 1
- bicameral legislature
- house of reps
- senate
- article 11 |
|
|
Term
Specific powers and qualifications granted to congress guarantee the legislative process as well as create distinctive differences between the two houses of congress that make the house more representative than the senate
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- house of reps is made up of 435 members
- baker v. carr
- gererymandering
- the house of rep is considered more rep than senate because of its size
- article 2, section 8 |
|
|
Term
Specific powers and qualifications granted to the executive department guarantee define the role of the president as a central player in govt.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- because of the unique qualities of the presidency, the qualifications for office are the most strict among the three branches
- article 2 section 1
- article 2 section 2 and 3
- because the president can interpret the role of the executive in a broad manner, the power of the president in modern times has increased more than the other branches
- the president is also considered the head of the political party in power. |
|
|
Term
Specific powers and responsibilities granted to the judicial department guarantee and define the role of the courts.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- judiciary has no specific qualifications for office
- articles 3
- judicial power
- appellate juristiction
- the supreme court has no direct resonsibility or accountability to the voters |
|
|
Term
as a result of the seperate powers of the institutions of government, a delicate balance of power exists among te three branches.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- the spirit of natural laws
- check and balances
- government is limited
- role of political parties
- the growth of the federal bureaucracy |
|
|
Term
The organization of the constitution defines the realtionship between the states and the federal govt.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- article IV "full faith and credit"
- article VI the supremacy clause
- loth amendment
- mcculloch v maryland 1819
- 14th amendment |
|
|
Term
The organization of the constitution defines the realtionship between the states and the federal govt.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- article IV "full faith and credit"
- article VI the supremacy clause
- loth amendment
- mcculloch v maryland 1819
- 14th amendment |
|
|
Term
the principle of limited govt is woven in the constitution.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
-checks and balances
-habeas corpus
- in time of national emergency the supreme court has determined that the federal govt can place major restrictions on the civil liberties of its citizens
- ;imited govt is end extension of the enlightenment thinkers
- natural rights |
|
|
Term
an enduring document, the constitution provides for a process in which it can be amended to meet the needs of a changing society
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- the constitution has been amended only 15 times.
- two thirds vote in both houses of congress and ratification in three fourths of the state legistlation.
- creating additional power for the gederal govt
- changing the structure of the govt. |
|
|
Term
the constitutions flexibility and adaptability enable the creation of new instruments of govt.
ch 3 |
|
Definition
- elastic clause and powers given to the congress in the constitution
- president has interpreted the constitution to allow for executive priveledge
- judicial review
- marbury v madison
- roe v wade |
|
|
Term
federalism organizes a countrys govt, taking into account the needs at local levels of govt.
ch 4 |
|
Definition
-establishes a unique working relationships w/the other levels of govt and its people
- over 83000 govts in the us
- no child left behind act
- neither component can abolish or alter the other single
- local govts are concerned with matter that have a direct impact on the daily lives of their citizens |
|
|
Term
the historical foundations of federaism was established through the writings in the federalist papers and nearly supreme court decisions.
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- first type of relationship for the united states
- existed to 1930
-circle theory
- layer cake federalism
- plessy v. ferguson |
|
|
Term
the historical foundations of federaism was established through the writings in the federalist papers and nearly supreme court decisions.
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- first type of relationship for the united states
- existed to 1930
-circle theory
- layer cake federalism
- plessy v. ferguson |
|
|
Term
while itmay sound contradictiory, a cooperative federalism developed during the new deal and lasted until the great society, resultingin great growth of the federal govt politial scientists compare it to a marble cake
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- the federal govt becomes more intrusive in what was typically the domain of state governments
- greater involvement on the local level bu the federal govt following the great depression
- public policy become more of a sharing between the federal and state levels of govt,
- national govt would provide the money, state govts would administer and the programs
- some new deal programs were declared unconstitutional |
|
|
Term
creative federaism during the great society increased the marble cake approach of intergovernmental relations
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- the great society of lyndon johnson provided an even greater relience on federal programs
- sharing costs betweennational and state governments for programs
- guidelines and rules set down by the federal gvt in order for the state to reap the benfits of federaly funded programs
- providing for the dual administration of programs has a shared appreciation |
|
|
Term
competitive federalism under nixon in the 1970s and reagan and bush in the 1980s reserved the marble cake nature creating a new federalism where given more responsibility.
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- richard nixon proposed "the new federalism"
- competitive federalism = to offer state pieces of the marble cake but to have them accept in with conditions and with a promise to develop programs on their own
- equal opportunity act of 1982
- placement of restrictions on federal programs
- cross over requirements |
|
|
Term
fiscal federalism, through different grant programs slices up the marble cake into many different pieces making it even more difficult to differentiate the functions of the levels of govt.
ch 4 |
|
Definition
- fiscal in nature
- categorial grant project grant and formal grants
- block grants
- revenue sharing
- blck grants and revenue sharing were reduced under ronald reagan and george bush |
|
|
