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First Semester Exam for Mrs. Smilie
study for midterm in english
64
English
8th Grade
12/14/2009

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Cards

Term
circumspect
Definition

p.os.=adj.

deff.= Careful; mindful of rules and consequences

sent.= The marchers in the protest tried to be circumspect and not break any laws.

syn.=prudent

ant.=reckless

Term
prospect
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=That which is expected

sent.=The prospect of a trip to the dentist with my bratty kid brother was hardly thrilling.

Term
ineffable
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=unutterable, indescribable

sent.=many religious writers speak of the ineffable wisdom of the divine being.

Term
abstain
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To not do something; refrain

sent.=When I abstained from watching television, I found I had much more free time.

ant.=induldge

Term
retinue
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=A group that attends an important person.

sent.=Queen Elizabeth II always has a large retinue of ladies-in-waiting around her.

syn.=entourage

Term
figment
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Something invented or imaginary.

sent.= Were the monsters only a figment of a feverish brain, or did they really exist?

syn.=phantom

ant.=fact

Term
allegation
Definition
p.o.s=
Term
relative
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Dependent upon

sent.=The number of people at the beach on any day is relative to the weather and the season.

Term
disenchanted
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.= Losing fondness for; unhappy with.

sent.=The team's fans, who had once loved the star pitcher, grew disenchanted with him as he failed to strike the other team out.

syn.disappointed

ant.enthusiastic

Term
amiable
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Good-natured; cheerful

sent.=Bernard greeted me with an amiable smile as I entered the office.

Term
belligerence
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Warlike mood or attitude

sent.=Despite the belligerence of the opposing team, the Hawks won the game by two points.

ant:peace

Term
corpulent
Definition

p.o.s=adj

deff.=Extremely fat; obese

sent.=It seems shameful that the king is corpulent while his people are thin and starving.

ant: skinny

Term
pedestrian
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.= Lacking excitement; ordinary and dull

sent.= Although I thought my trip to the city would be thrilling from start to finish, it turned out to be rather pedestrian.

syn: everyday

ant: original

Term
iniquity
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.= Injustice; wrong or wicked action or situation

sent.=The city committed a great iniquity against local children when it permanently closed the school

syn: corruption

ant: morality

Term
animosity
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.= Anger or hostility

sent.=Despite all the insults he had received, Aaron expressed no animosity towards anyone

syn: bitterness

ant: civility

Term
equanimity
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.= Evenness of mind or spirit; calm

sent.=After her father reassured her, the small girl was able to face the bully with equanimity.

syn: composure

ant: hysteria

Term
improvise
Definition

p.o.s= verb

deff.=To create without any forethought or preparation

sent.= When Carl lost the cards with his speech on them, he was forced to improvise.

ant: plan

Term
specter
Definition

p.os=noun

deff.=A ghost or phantom

sent.= Hattie seemed to see a specter in every corner of the dark house.

Term
invoke
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=to call on for support

sent.=Amy invoked the First Amendment when Bill tried to silence her.

syn: appeal to

Term
deplete
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To use up; waste

sent.=The desert travelers were careful not to deplete their precious supply of water.

Term
sustain
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To support for an extended period of time

sent.=I am amazed that Jeff can sustain his family on the tiny amount of money he makes.

Term
impose
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To forcibly place upon

sent.=The new government tried to impose its ideas onto supporters of the old regime.

syn: inflict

Term
dilate
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To widen

sent.=The surgeon dilated the opening of Anthony's windpipe so he could breathe better.

Term
superlative
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Excellent; above all others

sent.=For superlative performance at work, Holly was awarded a big promotion.

syn:superior

ant: inferior

Term
inaudible
Definition

p.o.s.=adj.

deff.=So quite as to be impossible to hear.

sent.=Feedback from the microphone grew from an almost inaudible buzzing to a deafening shriek.

ant: loud

Term
amicable
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Not bitter or hostile; friendly

sent.=There were rumors that Diana and Brynn were fighting, but the two girls insisted they had an amicable relationship.

Term
enamored
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Fond of; feeling love towards

sent.=At first I hated the novel, but after reading it again, I became enamored of it.

syn: charmed

ant: repulsed

Term
expedient
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Providing results quickly; practical and effective

sent.=Jasper decided it would be most expedient for him to leave town as soon as he could.

syn: profitable

Term
vested
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Significant to one's own profit or well-being

sent.=Because Joy does not have a vested interest in the company, she doesn't have to worry if it goes bankrupt.

Term
monolithic
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Exactly the same throughout; lacking diversity

sent.=Marcie escaped the monolithic society she had grown up in by traveling the world and seeing many different cultures.

syn: invariable

Term
benefactor
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=A person who gives friendly aid

sent.=When the artist began to paint in a strange, new style, her usual benefactor withdrew all financial support.

Term
malevolent
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Wishing harm towards; hostile

sent.=Erin says putting a "Kick Me" sign on Reggie's back was an innocent practical joke, but i think it was a malevolent gesture.

syn: spiteful

ant: friendly

Term
lucid
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Easy to understand; clear

sent.= Sophie's explanation of quantum physics was so lucid that I understood everything

syn: comprehensible

ant: confusing

Term
dictum
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=A formal or authoritative statement

sent.= When asked to defend his argument, Luther cited a dictum of his favorite poet.

Term
provocative
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Causing disturbance or excitement

sent.= the film's provocative ending had people talking for months.

Term
infuse
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To inject; to fill something or someone with

sent.=After many losses, the basketball team needed someone to infuse it with pride and determination.

ant: empty, remove

Term
adept
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Skilled; expert at

sent.=Tanya was adept at dealing with the arguments that often arose on her volleyball team.

syn: masterful

ant: incompetent

Term
misinformation
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Untrue or wrong information

sent.=the two warring countries constantly circulated misinformation to confuse each other.

Term
exacting
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=demanding

sent.=The exacting conductor sometimes kept the orchestra for hours to practice a single passage.

syn: picky

ant: lenient

Term
assonance
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Similarity of word sounds

sent.=The young poet could produce lines of skillful assonance and great beauty

Term
prologue
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=A speech, passage, or event coming before the main speech or event

sent:=In the prologue to the novel, the author lists the main characters and their histories.

syn: preface

ant: epilogue

Term
antagonize
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To act hostile towards; provoke

sent.=No matter how the bullies antagonize Walter, he never gets angry or upset.

syn: oppose

ant: soothe

Term
philanthropy
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=charitable donation to public causes

sent.=The farmer gave his land to the city to turn into a park and was praised for his act of philanthropy.

ant: stinginess

Term
impediment
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Something that gets in the way; obstacle

sent.=One mistake at work need not be an impediment to your advancement in the company.

syn: barrier

ant: assistance

Term
equilibrium
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Balance; steadiness

sent.=Wendy's hurtful comment upset my mental equilibrium, and I did badly on my final exam.

syn: evenness

Term
monopolize
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To use or take so as to prevent others from using or taking.

sent.=Quentin is monopolizing the copy machine, and no one else can use it

syn: hoard

ant: share

Term
benign
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=causing no harm

sent.=Although police initially thought the substance was a deadly chemical, they soon discovered it was really benign.

ant: deadly

Term
malicious
Definition

p.o.s=adj

deff.=Intended to hurt or harm

sent.=When Laurie forgot to give April an important phone message, April accused her of being malicious.

syn: damaging

ant: helpful

Term
photogenic
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Attractive in pictures or photographs

sent.=Lucy was photogenic that total strangers often asked to take her picture.

Term
enunciate
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=to pronounce or articulate

sent.=The spelling bee contestant was asked to enunciate so that the judges could understand what she was saying

syn: articulate

ant: mumble

Term
revoke
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=to make invalid; deactivate

sent.= If you don't pay your traffic tickets, the state may revoke your driver's license.

syn: recall, cancel

ant: activate

Term
prohibit
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To stop one from doing something; prevent

sent:=If the law did not prhoibit speeding, there would be far more traffic accidents

ant: allow

Term
disposition
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=attitude or mood

sent.=The pirate captain's impatient disposition led him to throw many lazy sailors to the sharks.

syn: character

Term
prefigure
Definition

p.o.s=verb

deff.=To look like or predict a later thing or event

sent.=The small riot outside City Hall prefigured a major uprising that occurred later that year.

syn: foreshadow

Term
proactive
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Seeking to solve a problem before it occurs

sent.= Gwen, who was proactive about getting a job, was hired right after she left college.

Term
auditory
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Having to do with the sense of hearing

sent.=Developing auditory skills involves knowing what to listen for and when to listen for it.

Term
resonant
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Having an effect; powerful

sent.=The music of some composers who died long ago is still resonant today.

Term
bellicose
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Warlike in nature

sent.=The bellicose tribe was in the habit of fighting its neighbors.

syn: combative

ant: peaceful

Term
philosophical
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Calm and wise; reasonable

sent.=Cheryl's friends thought she would be humiliated after she lost the contest, but she was philosophical about the whole thing.

Term
pedagogue
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=A teacher, especially one who is dull and narrow-minded

sent.=Because our previous teacher had been a terrible bore, we expected the new teacher to be a pedagogue of the same type.

Term
homogenized
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Forced to be exactly the same

sent.=Mrs. Benau does not support a homgenized class; she thinks all students have different strengths and weaknesses.

ant: diverse

Term
uniform
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=The same all the way through; consistent

sent.=If you bake the cake properly, it will be of uniform sweetness and moistness.

syn: unvarying

ant: variable, disparate

Term
discord
Definition

p.o.s=noun

deff.=Lack of agreement; disharmony

sent.=Although they tried to hide their disagreement, the discord between the two teammates was obvious.

syn: disunity

Term
dismal
Definition

p.o.s=adj.

deff.=Causing great sadness or pessimism

sent.=My first attempt to build a birdhouse was a dismal failure; nails stuck out everywhere, and the paint collected in messy clumps.

syn: gloomy

ant: cheerful

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