Term
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Definition
| lowest amount of gas compared to air in a room that is needed for something to ignite |
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Term
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Definition
| highest amount of gas compared to air in a room that is needed for something to ignite |
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Term
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Definition
| the weight of a gas compared to the weight of air |
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Term
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Definition
| the temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors for an external ignition source to cause a flame to flash across the surface of a liquid. Self-sustained combustion is not possible yet. |
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Term
| auto-ignition temperature |
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Definition
| the temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to ignite without an external source of ignition |
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Term
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Definition
| smoke, fire gases, heat, flame |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of the fire from one area to another from direct contact with flame (primary method of spread during incipient stage) |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of heat through a fluid medium such as the air (tendency for heat to rise) |
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Term
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Definition
| heat being transferred through solid objects (handle of a pot example) |
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Term
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Definition
| heat energy being spread as electromagnetic waves. absorbed, reflected, transmitted. |
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Term
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Definition
| direct flame contact, convection, conduction, and radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| comparative measure with air always holding the value of 1 |
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Term
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Definition
| quantified description of a liquid's ability to release vapors |
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Term
| first element of a loss control program |
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Definition
| the commitment of upper management to a plan that is aimed at getting results |
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Term
| the focus of the most effective loss control programs |
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Definition
| a focus on organization and being organized from top-to-bottom |
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Term
| major players in a loss control program |
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Definition
| top management --> corporate loss control --> plant manager --> internal (legal, maintenance, PR), external (local police, govt), and loss control manager --> internal (safety staff, first aid) and external (fire dept, insurance, EMS) |
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Term
| kerosene (gas is thus more dangerous) |
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Definition
| which has the higher flash point? kerosene or gasoline? |
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Term
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Definition
| in an unfamiliar building, someone with a severe sight impairment will need to be guided, but in a familiar building, the same person will be able to help others out |
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Term
| temporary mobility limitations that hinder evacuation |
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Definition
| pregnancy, broken bones, strained muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| it is extremely rare in fires. |
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Term
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Definition
| why most people die in fires |
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Term
| people usually ask two things in stressful situations...what are they? |
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Definition
| am i in danger? how can i cope with the threat? |
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Term
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Definition
| typically more likely to stay behind and fight fire |
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Term
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Definition
| typically quicker to evacuate and find help |
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Term
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Definition
| chemicals that have oxygen bound up in the compound. they are reactive in the presence of fuels. |
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Term
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Definition
| bleaches, antiseptics, rocket fuel, fertilizer, explosives |
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Term
| leading cause of industrial fires |
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Definition
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Term
| leading cause of home fires |
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Definition
| cooking/heating equipment |
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Term
| leading cause of fatal home fires |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| if a fire is starved of oxygen, the flame will go out, but smoke and gases will still remain. if oxygen is re-introduced, an explosion is likely |
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Term
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Definition
| the near simultaneous ignition of all of the materials in a room |
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Term
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Definition
| physiologically inert and displace oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| prevent the uptake of oxygen (CO), interferes with the transport of oxygen (Cyanide), prevents oxygenation of tissue (hydrogen sulfide) |
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Term
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Definition
| carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, ammonia, carbon dioxide |
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Term
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Definition
| incipient, smoke, flame (1000-1300 degrees), high heat, smoldering (oxygen deprivation; backdraft possible) 1000-1500 degrees, decay |
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Term
| mass is large and surface is small |
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Definition
| the heat of the ignition source is more easily dissipated through the material (board) |
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Term
| mass is small and surface is large |
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Definition
| the heat cannot be dissipated as quickly and ignition occurs more easily (wood shavings) |
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Term
| NFPA and American National Standards Institute |
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Definition
| organizations that create standards(2) |
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Term
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Definition
| regulators (the police of the industry) |
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Term
| Underwriters Labs (UL) and Farmers Mutual (FM) |
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Definition
| primarily testing agencies (2) |
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Term
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Definition
| sister organization of OSHA that conducts research |
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Term
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Definition
| group of building inspectors |
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Term
| structures (outside properties) |
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Definition
| where the majority of fires take place |
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Term
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Definition
| where most civilian fire deaths occur |
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Term
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Definition
| quickly soak up leaks, drips, and spills |
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Term
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Definition
| form of combustion where reaction moves through substance faster than the speed of sound. produces extremely destructive shockwave |
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Term
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Definition
| extremely rapid expansion of hot gas, rupturing confinement, and producing a loud noise, pressure wave, and fragmentation. Some result from combustion, but some do not. |
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