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the Socratic Method is students learning through the use of critical thinking, reasoning, and logic, finding holes in their own theories and then patching them up.
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| political realism, justice is simply what is in the interest of the stronger party. |
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| in platos republic, glauchon arguing with plato saying people with the invisbile ring would commmit unjust acts, plato says no |
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| someone who explains things by reference to their purpose |
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| Christian concept of strict, religous hierarchical structure of all matter and life |
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| the right emotion in the right degree |
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| aristotles: idea that happiness is more than just pleasure but closer to virtue perfecting oneself through disciplines |
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| Hobbes, Locke theory on natural law, state of manking before civilizations, and government. |
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| Locke's philosophy of tacit consent implied that by living in a nation you give tacit consent to be governed by it. |
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machiavelli :
in the prince a leader mustbe able to wear differnt masks, cunning like a fox, strong like a lion |
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| Natural vs social inequality |
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| relative vs absolute inequality |
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Rousseau: State of nature: men have the potential to be good ,but civilizations is what corrupts people (amoral)
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| philosophical founder of modern conservatism as well as classical liberalism |
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| consequence of one's conduct are basis for judgment about the rightness of that conduct. from a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right act (or omission) is one that will produce a good outcome, or consequence. |
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Negative utilitarianism (NU) requires us to promote the least amount of evil or harm, or to prevent the greatest amount of suffering for the greatest number. Proponents like Karl Popper, Christoph Fehige and Clark Wolf argue that this is a more effective ethical formula, since, they contend,
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immanuel Kant:
evaluating motivations for actions and what are neccessary |
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| instrumental vs inherent value |
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instrumental value is a good that achieves something else
Inherent value is |
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Peter Singer: different values or rights to beings on the basis of their species membership man against other species "a prejudice that survives because it is convienent for the dominant group"
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Amartya Sen:
approach to welfare economics approach on what people are able to do(capable of) |
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| a mill in scotland ran by RObert Owen a social reformer built to use benfits of river |
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| ruling class mainly facotry, owners |
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| MARX:working class no ownership or control |
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| basic industries exporting from region and bringing in wealth outside or nonbasic service |
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| MARX: seperation of things naturally belonging together |
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| vanguard of the proletariat |
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| MARX: vanguard poltical party of action and movement from communist manifesto |
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| RAWLS: how we should distribute the benefits and burdens of scocial co-operation society" |
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| RAWLS:It comprises two main principles of Liberty and Equality; the second is subdivided into Fair Equality of Opportunity and the Difference Principle. |
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| RAWLS:blocking of knowldege that would benefit social cooperation |
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| american political phiolosopher who was a right libertarian that contrasted Rawls in his book Anarchy, State and Utopia |
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| men and woman although biologically diffferent are born into world equal |
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| men and woman are differnt versions of the human being |
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| theory about what makes actions right or wrong |
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| society where men are in control and there is female subordination |
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| socio economic theory on the divide betwen wealthy developing coutnries and poor. |
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| anti-globalization movement |
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| increased agriculture production throughout world, new strains of high yielding crops |
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| the clash of civilizations |
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Samuel Huntington: Responses to Fukuyamas 'end of history' peoples cultures and religious identities will be in the primary source of conflict in the post cold war world
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| american economist founder of the monetarism theory which is the natural rate of unemployment |
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| peter kropotkin found that mutual aid is most important factor in evolution of species and a bility to survive |
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| dramatic increase of food prices and supply |
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| no interferring from governement on what can be seen on internet |
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| coined network neturatlity |
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rawls:
citizens support the smae basic laws for difffernent each citizen affirms this ommon module for agreeing, each has own reasons for supporting law |
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| Corperate Social Responsibility, |
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