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Financial Ratios
AQA A - Level
22
Business
12th Grade
07/06/2017

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Term
Ratio Analysis
Definition
Financial Ratio is an examination of accounting data by relating one figure to another. This approach allows more meaningful interpretation of the data and the identification of trends.
Term
Profitability Ratios
Definition
Measures the relationship between gross/net profit and revenue, assets and capital employed. They are sometimes referred to as performance ratios.
Term
Liquidity Ratios
Definition
These investigate the short term financial stability of a firm by examining whether there are sufficient short term assets to meet the short term liabilities (debts)
Term
Gearing
Definition
Examines the extent to which the business is dependent upon borrowed money; it is concerned with the long term financial position of the company.
Term
Efficiency Ratios
Definition
These measure how efficiently an organisation uses its ratios and controls credit.
Term
Current Ratio Formula
Definition
current assets
___________________

current liabilaties
Term
Gearing Formula
Definition
non-current liabilities
________________________ x 100

capital employed
Term
Gross Profit Margin Formula
Definition
Gross Profit
_____________ x 100

Revenue
Term
Operating Profit Margin Formula
Definition
Operating Profit
________________ x 100

Revenue
Term
Return on Capital Employed Formula
Definition
Operating Profit
________________ x 100

Capital Employed
Term
Inventory Turnover Formula
Definition
cost of sales
______________________

average inventory held
Term
Payable Days Formula
Definition
trade payables
______________ x 365

cost of sales
Term
Receivable Days Formula
Definition
trade debtor
____________ x 365

annual revenue
Term
Profit for the Year Margin Formula
Definition
Profit for the Year
___________________ x 100

Revenue
Term
Ways to improve current ratios
Definition
increase assets
reduce liabilities
Term
ways to improve gearing
Definition
increases non current liabilities
reduce capital employed
Term
ways to improve return on capital employed
Definition
increase operating profit
reduce capital employed
Term
ways to improve payable days
Definition
increase trade payables
reduce cost of sales
Term
ways to improve receivable days
Definition
increase trade receivables
reduce annual revenue
Term
Seven Point Approach
Definition
1 Reason
2 Identification
3 Process
4 Calculation
5 Comparison
6 Interpretation
7 Action
Term
Current Assets = 20
Current Liabilities = 20
Find the Current Ratio
Definition
= 1:1
Term
What is the desired current ratios?
Definition
1.5 - 2 :1
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