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Financial Accounting and its Economic Context
Ch 1.
27
Accounting
Undergraduate 2
09/10/2018

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Cards

Term
Managers
Definition
Internal
Term
Owners, Banks, Investors, Suppliers, and Customers
Definition
External
Term
What do users make decisions based on?
Definition
Financial Reports
Term
Consumption
Definition
Enjoyed immediately with no future value
Term
Investment
Definition
Little immediate gratification, generates returns for a later date
Term
What are financial reports?
Definition
Balance Sheets, Income statements, statement of shareholders equity, statement of cash flows
Term
Footnotes
Definition
Part of the financial statement. They provide explanations.
Term
Internal control
Definition
Prevents fraud from happening
Term
Solvency
Definition
Ability to make debt payments when due
Term
Earning Power
Definition
Ability to generate profit and increase assets
Term
Ration Analysis
Definition
Analysis of financial ratios such as the current ratio

Current Ration = Current assets / current liabilities
Term
Management does what?
Definition
Runs the company
Term
Board of directors (elected by stockholders) does?
Definition
Hire corporate officers, sets company policy, and selects audit committee
Term
Equity investors receive?
Definition
Dividends
Term
Credit (including bond investors) receive?
Definition
Intrest
Term
Corporate governance
Definition
Mechanisms encouraging management to act in the best unrest of the shareholders
Term
Reporting entities
Definition
companies, subsidiaries and business segments, which may provide their own financials
Term
Consolidated financials
Definition
Prepared when subsidiaries are combined with partners financials
Term
Why are Industries important?
Definition
To understand when analyzing financial statements
Term
Equity investors (External)
Definition
Purchase shares of stock , which represent ownership in the company. The financials are used bu investors to analyze managements decisions
Term
Debt investors (External)
Definition
Provide capital though loans. The financials are used by creditors to assess likelihood of default
Term
Management (Internal)
Definition
Uses other companies' financials to assess the competition
Term
Debt Covenants
Definition
Part of debt contracts between the company and creditors
An agreement
Term
Sarabanes - Oxley Act of 2002
Definition
Attempt to bolster corporate governance and restore confidence in the US financial reporting system
Term
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Definition
Governs financial reporting for publicly reader companies
Term
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
Definition
Responsible for the promulgation of GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) for financial statements
Term
The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)
Definition
Establishes International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) which are an internationally accepted set of standards also used bu some companies in the US
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