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| 8,000 B.C. investigated by Thomas Lynch, domestication of llamas |
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| 9,000-6,000 B.C. pre domestication: hunter gathers were coming to this cave seasonally for 3,000 years suggests h/g were mobile |
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| intended for farmers to keep track of time (winter/summer solstice) Phases of construction: 1. ditch 3100 BC 2. small circle of bluestones in the inside from wales 2600 BC 3. Sarson stone circle (big stones on the inside 2400 BC |
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| Neolithic site in Turkey 7,000 BC, showed signs of spatial organization- had walls like Jericho, had sleeping platforms, and many of the apartments had art covering the walls |
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| Archaic site in E. North America, 2-3m tall mounds that people were living on top of |
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| with its dramatic cliffs, it was the center of a remarkable flowering of ancestral pueblo culture that lasted for two centuries after AD 900 |
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| between AD 1,200 and 1,300 |
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| A major ancestral pueblo “great house” in Chaco Canyon, occupied in the 12th century AD |
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| represents late preclassic AD 750-1150, investigated by Haury, there is a massive irrigation system; man made, Excavated Mesoamerican ball court in snaketown 1935-Copper objects recovered, jewelry out of shells, bone projectile points |
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| 10,000B.C.-A.D.1,000, series of sites (Richard MacNeish) transition to agriculture |
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| Olmec ceremonial center dating to after 900 BC |
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| Major Olmec center dating to 1,250 B.C. |
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| Massive Mayan city (6 square miles), cultural collapse and abandonment around 250 AD |
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| Postclassic Maya center ruled by the Cocom family after the 13th century AD |
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| one of the 4 capitals of classic Mayan empire (ongoing war between these 4 cities) |
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| one of the 4 capitals of classic Mayan empire (ongoing war between these 4 cities) |
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| one of the 4 capitals of classic Mayan empire (ongoing war between these 4 cities) |
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| one of the 4 capitals of classic Mayan empire (ongoing war between these 4 cities) |
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| “City of the Gods” (200 B.C. - A.D. 750), built over 5,000 structures, no ball courts, no writing, peak population of 125-200,000 |
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| capital of the Toltecs, much smaller than Teotihuacan, 2 ball courts, sculptures and Chacmools |
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| prehistoric Mexico City, was the capital of the Aztec empire, wetland environment |
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| adobe brick temple built by the Moche civilization on the coast of what is now Peru |
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| richest burial site ever found in New World, Moche tomb w/ 7 individuals, the “Presentation” ritual |
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| capital of Incan empire, 11,500 ft. elevation in the Andes |
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| famous Incan site in Peru, found by Hiram Bingham in 1913, possibly the royal palace for Pachacuti? |
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| walled complex on the outskirts of Cusco, Peru, the former capital of the Inca Empire |
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| pyramid of khufu, capital city of the old Egyptian kingdom (pop. 30,000?) |
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| woodland site with many platform mounds including Monk’s mound and Mound 72 (300 bodies found, evidence of human sacrifice) |
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| Hopewell moundbuilder culture, between ¼ and ½ mile long, now an Ohio state park |
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| The first city: Uruk period (3,600-3,000 B.C.) |
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| worlds first city 3,600- 3,000 BC in Mesopotamia, Monumental architecture: ziggurat and temple in Urak, Craft specialization, Clay tablets with pictograph symbols=Eventually developed into cuneiform writing 3,400 BC> first writing |
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| Ceremonial center in Peru’s Chillon Valley dating to 1800 BC |
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| initial colonization in South America around 14,000 BC |
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| Mexico- Postclassic Maya center in the Northern Yucaton, especially in the 13th century AD |
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| where religious initiates were manipulated w/ drugs and the “lanzon” |
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| Templo Major at Tenochtitlan |
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| farming town in the Valley of Oaxaca, associated w/ rise of Highland Mexico |
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| founded 900 BC in the Valley of Oaxaca, rose to peak pop 30,000 in Late Classic period |
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| 400-200 BC Mayans in Guatemala, murals are evidence that Mayans were literate 2,500 years ago, long before anyone believed |
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