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Finals
Chapter 9- Intelligence and IQ Testing
27
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
08/05/2013

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Term
intelligence test
Definition
diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability
Term
abstract thinking
Definition
capacity to understand hypothetical concepts
Term
g
Definition
(general intelligence)hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people
Term
s
Definition
(specific abilities) particular ability level in a narrow domain
Term
fluid intelligence
Definition
capacity to learn new ways of solving problems
Term
crystallized intelligence
Definition
accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time
Term
multiple intelligences
Definition
idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill
Term
triarchic model
Definition
model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligence: analytical, practical, and creative
Term
Stanford-Binet IQ test
Definition
intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis Terman of Stanford University
Term
intelligence quotient (IQ)
Definition
systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence
Term
mental age
Definition
age corresponding to the average individual's performance on an intelligence test
Term
deviation IQ
Definition
expression of a person's IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers
Term
eugenics
Definition
movement in the early twentieth century to improve a population's genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, preventing those with bad genes from reproducing, or both
Term
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Definition
most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of 15 subtests to access different types of mental abilitites
Term
culture-fair IQ test
Definition
abstract reasoning measure that doesn't depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests
Term
bell curve
Definition
distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall toward the middle, with progressively fewer towards the tails or extremes
Term
mental retardation
Definition
condition characterized by an onset prior to adulthood, an IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning
Term
Flynn effect
Definition
finding that average IQ scores have been rising at a rate of approximately 3 points per decade
Term
within-group heritability
Definition
extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced
Term
between-group heritability
Definition
extent to which differences in a trait between groups is genetically influenced
Term
test bias
Definition
tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another
Term
stereotype threat
Definition
fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype
Term
divergent thinking
Definition
capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem
Term
convergent thinking
Definition
capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem
Term
emotional intelligence
Definition
ability to understand our own emotions and those of others, and to apply this information to our daily lives
Term
wisdom
Definition
application of intelligence toward a common good
Term
ideological immune system
Definition
our psychological defenses against evidence that contradicts our views
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